1159

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Events

Politics and world affairs

Holy Roman Empire/Italy
Rainald von Dassel is elected Archbishop of Cologne in June as the successor to Frederick II von Berg, who died at the end of the previous year. Emperor Frederick I lends him the shelves and makes him the arch chancellor for Italy.
August 30: Ulrich I. von Dürrmenz is succeeded by Dassel Reichskanzler under Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa.
September 7: In the election of the Pope in St. Peter’s Basilica, there are tumultuous scenes. Rolando Bandinelli is majority cardinals as successor to Hadrian IV. Elected Pope and enthroned 13 days later as Pope Alexander III. A pro-imperial minority, on the other hand, elects Octaviano de Monticelli, who then serves as antipope Victor IV.
Reconstruction of the city of Lübeck by Heinrich the Lion

Crusader States
Emperor Manuel I enters Antioch and forces Prince Rainald of Chatillon to become a Byzantine vassal. Rainald – who had ascended to the lord of the Principality of Antioch by marriage to Constance – had allied himself with enemies of Manuel and had invaded the Byzantine island of Cyprus the previous year.

Northern Europe
Håkon II Herdebrei, the illegitimate son of the 1155 murdered Sigurd Munn, is proclaimed king of Norway at the age of 12 on the Øyrathing. His followers continue the fight against his uncle Inge Krogrygg.

Reconquista
Reconquista: The Portuguese conquer Évora and Beja.

First documentary mentions
First documentary mention of Andhausen, Happerswil and Freudenberg (Baden)

Company
The so-called “grazing letter” of the Bremen Archbishop Hartwig I. regulates the delimitation of an area in the area of today’s Bremen Bürgerweide, which may be used as common land (communal property) as cattle pasture.

Religion
Peter Lombardus becomes bishop of Paris.

Born

Exact date of birth unknown
August/September: Johannes Komnenos, Byzantine Emperor († 1185)
after 13 September: Konrad II of Landsberg, Margrave of Lausitz, Count of Eilenburg, Groitzsch and Sommerschenburg († 1210)
Bernard Aton VI Trencavel, Deputy of Nîmes and Agde († after 1214)
Minamoto no Yoshitsune, Japanese general († 1189)

Died

Death date secured
February 8 – Konrad I, Duke of Merania
February 28: Sancha Raimúndez, Spanish Infanta (* around 1095)
17 March: Gebhard von Henneberg, Bishop of Würzburg (* around 1100)
30 May: Władysław II, Duke of Poland (* 1105)
June 7 – Robert of Newminster, first abbot of Newminster Abbey
August 3: Waltheof of Melrose, English abbot and saint
August 27: Amadeus of Lausanne, Catholic Bishop of Lausanne (* around 1110)
1 September: Hadrian IV, Pope (* between 1100 and 1120)
September 26: Johann von Meda, Italian nobleman (* 1100)
11 October: Wilhelm, Count of Boulogne (* around 1132/1137)
7 December: Walter Durdent, Bishop v