1210

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In the year 1210, a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, significant events unfolded across Europe and beyond. In Ravennica, modern-day Greece, the Second Parliament of Ravennika convened to address disputes between Frankish Greek princes and the Roman Empire.

Meanwhile, in Sweden, Sverker the Younger, an exiled former king, was defeated and killed by King Erik Knutsson at the Battle of Gestilren on May 18. This marked a significant turning point for the Swedish monarchy. On November 21, Eric X was crowned as the first known Swedish king.

In Italy, Emperor Otto IV faced opposition from Pope Innocent III over his occupation of southern Italy and his demand for recognition of the imperial crown's right. In response, Otto annulled the Concordat of Worms and sought Innocent's acknowledgment. The situation escalated when Otto excommunicated Innocent in November 18.

In France, Simon de Montfort continued the Albigensian crusade against Cathars who refused to convert. He subjected many places that had resisted over the winter, including burning 400 Cathars in Minerve and sending 100 citizens with their eyes out to the resistance nest of Pierre Roger de Cabaret. This brutal action upset Occitan nobles loyal to the crusade.

Count Raimund VI of Toulouse announced his cooperation with Simon de Montfort and Pope Innocent III, who had been excommunicated again for his actions. Many cities that had already been conquered rebelled against him in winter.

In the Holy Roman Empire and Italy, King Frederick II dismissed his Chancellor Walter von Pagliara after his coronation. Emperor Otto IV continued to confront Pope Innocent III over the fiefdom of Spoleto, which he claimed was rightfully his. The situation led to a confrontation between the two empires under one rule.

The Brandenburg Tenth Controversy began in February, as Margraves of Brandenburg and Bishops of Brandenburg disputed their relationship with the restored bishopric. This dispute had been ongoing since 1157, when the margraves reconquered Brandenburg.

In Scandinavia, King Sverker II was expelled from power two years earlier, on July 17.