1245

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1245 was a common year starting on a Sunday. This year marked significant events across various regions of Europe and beyond.

### Events in Cyprus

Although not explicitly mentioned in the provided sources, it is known that Cyprus was under the control of the Lusignan dynasty at this time. The island's strategic location made it an important hub for trade and military campaigns during the 13th century.

In other parts of Europe:

#### Inverno Cerco de Jaén

Forces from Castile, led by King Fernando III ("the Santo"), besieged the city of Jaen in Spain. Despite their efforts, they were unable to capture the city, which was held by Moorish forces.

Meanwhile, Egyptian forces under As-Salih Ayyub laid siege to the city of Damascus.

#### Synod of Odense

In Denmark, a synod convened by the pope's legate pronounced excommunication against anyone who affected the clergy's property. King Eric IV of Denmark faced accusations regarding his campaign against pagan tribes in order to fight against Lübeck.

### European Politics and Religion

The year 1245 saw significant events in European politics and religion:

#### Pope Innocent IV

Pope Innocent IV played a crucial role in various events during this year. He sent Giovanni da Pian del Carpini, a Franciscan brother, to the Mongolian emperor as a missionary until 1247. This marked an attempt by the Catholic Church to convert the Mongols to Christianity.

Innocent IV also preached the Seventh Crusade to Egypt and met with Saint Louis, who was able to prepare for an expedition that included contingents from Morea, Cyprus, Acre, and nearly three thousand knights.

The pope's efforts led to the opening of the Ecumenical Council in Lyon on June 28. This council aimed to address various issues, including ecclesiastical corruption and the suzerainty of the Holy See over England.

During this time, Robert Grossetête participated in the council and campaigned against ecclesiastical corruption.

#### Conviction and Excommunication

Innocent IV convicted King Frederick II and excommunicated him. This marked a significant event in European politics, as it led to Guillaume de Hollande becoming his competitor for power.

The pope also excommunicated Sanche II of Portugal and ordered the Portuguese to choose a new king due to heresy.

#### Death of Raimond-Bérenger V