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Events of 1301

In January 1301, a series of significant events unfolded across Europe, marking the end of one dynasty and the beginning of another.

The death of King Andrew III ("the Venetian") on January 13th brought an end to the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. This led to a power struggle between Wenceslaus III of Bohemia, Otto III of Bavaria, and Charles Robert of Naples, as they vied for control over the kingdom.

Meanwhile, Prince Edward of Caernarfon, the 16-year-old son of King Edward I ("Edward Longshanks"), became the first English Prince of Wales upon his coronation at Lincoln in April. He was also granted the royal lands in Wales, solidifying England's hold on the region.

In Western Europe, politics and world affairs continued to shape the landscape. The Kingdom of Naples gained control over Monaco after four years of conflict with Charles II, who had been forced out by Raniero Grimaldi. This marked a significant shift in power dynamics between the two kingdoms.

The Holy Roman Empire was also embroiled in turmoil as King Albrecht I provoked the dissatisfaction of the Electors through his connection with King Philip IV of France and his intention to conscript Holland, Zeeland, and Friesland into the Reichslehen. This led to a coalition of archbishops and nobles, known as the "Kurverein von (Nieder)heimbach," planning to depose Albrecht.

The Imperial Army, led by King Albrecht I, launched a series of military campaigns against his enemies in May 1301. They conquered Wiesloch on May 23 and besieged Bensheim for three weeks before capturing the city. However, their efforts were ultimately unsuccessful as they failed to capture Heidelberg.

In Eastern Europe, January 14th marked the death of King Andrew III, bringing an end to the Árpád dynasty in Hungary. This led to a power struggle between Wenceslaus III and Charles Robert von Anjou, who both claimed the throne. The Přemyslids also emerged as contenders for control over the kingdom.

The year 1301 was marked by significant events that would shape the course of European history. From the rise of new dynasties to the ongoing struggles between kingdoms and empires, this period set the stage for a tumultuous century ahead.