1309

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Events

Politics and world affairs

France and the Avignonese Papacy

From this year, France determines the guidelines of papal policy: Pope Clement V, who comes from France, moves the papal seat and the seat of the curia to Avignon in March under pressure from King Philip the Beautiful. Thus begins the so-called “Avignonese Exile” which lasted until 1376. Under French influence, the papacy becomes the plaything of French power interests and loses its authority as a suprapartisan power in the Christian West. The persecution of the Templar Order is beginning to intensify.

Christian Orders of Knighthood

The German Order moves its seat under the High Master Siegfried von Feuchtwangen from Venice to the Marienburg, a Deutschordensburg on the Nogat since the middle of the 13th century. The German Order in the Baltic States and Prussia. The office of landmaster of Prussia is thus dissolved and united with that of the high master. With the treaty of Soldin of September 13, he acquired from Waldemar, Margrave of Brandenburg, for 10,000 silver marks Brandenburg weight at the Polish land rights of Władysław I. Ellenlang passing his disputed claims to the Duchy of Pomerania. The lands around Schlawe, Stolp, Rügenwalde and Bütow go to the Pomeranian noble family of the Swenzones as Brandenburg feudal takers, the larger rest with the main festival Danzig is taken over by the German Order.

After more than two years of fighting, the Knights of the Order of St. John, the later Order of Malta, under their Grand Master Foulques de Villaret conquer the city of Rhodes and thus gain the rule over the island of the same name from the Byzantine Empire allied with Genoese and the Turkish Beylik Mentesche. The seat of the Order will soon be moved from Cyprus to Rhodes.

Holy Roman Empire

January 6: The end of the previous year of six Electors elected Henry VII. of Luxembourg is crowned in Aachen by the Archbishop of Cologne Heinrich II of Virneburg as Roman-German king. His wife Margaret of Brabant is crowned together with him.
February 24: After the death of his father Bogislaw IV. becomes Wartislaw IV. Duke of Pomerania.
June: Origin and growth of the Old Confederation: King Henry VII. of Luxemburg confirms the imperial immediacy of Uri and Schwyz and now also includes Unterwalden; the three forest sites are subordinated to a royal voviary. Today, this privilege is seen as a significant step towards the later formation of alliances.
August/September: A court day is held in Speyer.
September 17: Henry VII. in Speyer confirms the ruling rights of the Habsburg in Austria, Styria and Krain. He condemns the murderers of his predecessor Albrecht I and deprives them of “honour and justice”. The Habsburgs give up their still existing claims on the Kingdom of Bohemia and present Heinrich Tru