ROMSO Cyprus Knowledge Base

--- CONTENT ---

Events

Politics and world affairs

Eastern Europe

2 March: After the death of his father Władysław I. Ellenlang, Casimir becomes the Great King of Poland. From his father’s political legacy, Kasimir assumes the alliance with Hungary, strengthened by the marriage of his sister Elisabeth to Charles I of Hungary, and the conflicts with the German Order over Pomerania, with the Luxembourgers Johann and Charles IV. for the supremacy in Silesia, as well as with Johann, who as King of Bohemia also claims to the Polish royal crown. Unlike his father, however, Kasimir strives for peaceful and diplomatic solutions.

England/Scotland
Edward Balliol, who crowned himself King of Scotland the previous year, but from the followers of King David II. They marched with an English army under the leadership of the English King Edward III. to the north. They arrive at Durham on April 1 and begin the siege of the border town of Berwick on April 12. After a two-month siege, Berwick’s defenders agree to surrender if they do not receive a wage by July 20. To secure the agreement, the city’s commander, Sir Alexander Sutton, gives Edward his two sons hostage.
Meanwhile, the guardian of David II, Sir Archibald Douglas, approaches with about 7,500 men from Northumberland. He invades northern England and makes a futile attempt to kidnap Queen Philippa from Bamburgh Castle. However, since Edward does not break off the siege of Berwick to meet them, the Scots cross the tweed to reap Berwick.
19 July: In the Battle of Halidon Hill during the Scottish Wars of Independence, the English, thanks to the use of long-archers without much of their own losses, win over the Scots under Archibald Douglas, who falls in battle. Edward Balliol is reinstated as Scottish King and recognizes Edward III. as lords.
David II and his wife Johanna of England, the daughter of Edward III, are brought to safety in France after the lost battle.

Iberian Peninsula
Mohammed IV, Emir of Granada from the House of the Nasrids, with troop support of the Moroccan Merinids under Abu l-Hasan and naval support by the Republic of Genoa, succeeds in conquering Algeciras, Tarifa and Gibraltar from Castile. A little later, however, he is murdered. His brother Yusuf I will succeed him.

Asia
Emperor Go-Daigo, with the help of Ashikaga Takauji, overthrows the Hōjō clan and thus the Kamakura shōgunate with the puppet shōgun Morikuni and counter-emperor Kōgon. Generals Nitta Yoshisada and Kusunoki Masashige conquer Kamakura and move into Kyoto on June 19. The Genkō war ends the Kamakura period and the Kemmu restoration in Japan begins.

First documentary mentions
Gsteigwiler and Obořiště will be urku for the first time