ROMSO Cyprus Knowledge Base

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The 19th century BC began on 1 January 1900 BC and ended on 31 December 1801 BC. This corresponds to the period 3850 to 3751 before today or the interval 3546 to 3462 radiocarbon years.

Age/epoch
Subboreal (3710 to 450 BC).
Early Bronze Age in Central Europe (from 2300/2200 BC to 1600 BC) – Bz A1b (2000 to 1850 BC) and Bz A2a (1850 to 1750 BC). Real bronze now prevails in weapons and devices.
Middle Bronze Age in Greece, Cyprus and Near East.

Events/Developments

19th century BC:
For the Indus culture, the Late Harappa phase (Harappa 4) begins.

According to Indian tradition, further Aryan invasions reach the Indian subcontinent via the Chaiber Pass.
The Amurrites invade southern Mesopotamia. Profiting from the military conflicts between Isin and Larsa, they take shortly before 1900 BC. several cities such as Uruk, Ilip, Marad, Malgŭ and Maškan-Šapir and establish city kingdoms.
Byblos in Lebanon reaches its heyday under Abishmu.
For the first time the Hittites appear in Anatolia. They found their capital Ḫattuša.
The first palaces are built on Crete, starting the Old Palace period.
Starting from Bohemia, the Aunjetitz culture spreads to Saxony, Bavaria and the Western Mediterranean.
The Culture du Rhône in Switzerland and the Rhone Valley owes its prosperity to trade between the Mediterranean and southern Germany (exchange of bronze objects for shells). The culture develops an independent metal processing that assimilates techniques from the Aunjetitz culture. Among other things, special axe and needle shapes are produced.
In southeast Spain, the Los Millares culture is replaced by the El Argar culture.
In the UK, the Wessex culture is forming. It arises from the merger of important autochthonous groups of the bell-cup culture with colonizing newcomers who had been attracted by the deposits of copper and tin in Cornwall.
1900 to 1500 BC:
In Elam, the dynasty of the Sukkalmah (or Ebartids) rules. Ebarat (around 1916 BC) is succeeded by his son Šilhaha to the throne around 1894 BC, who calls himself Sukkalmah (Grand Regent) and King of Anschan and Susa. At that time, Anshan was probably already a big city that was in close economic exchange with the rest of Iran, especially Bactria.
Around 1900 BC:
The port city Lothal of the Indus culture is abandoned.
In Assyria, the capital Aššur is emerging, which is becoming an important hub of trade routes between Anatolia, Iran and the Persian Gulf.
Around 1894 BC:
In Babylonia a state is formed.
1877 BC (also 1932 BC):
Amenemhet II, third pharaoh of the 12. The dynasty was founded by his father Sesostris I two years before the