38th century BC

Overview

The 38th century BC began on January 1, 3800 BC and ended on December 31, 3701 BC. This corresponds to the period 5750 to 5651 before today or the interval 5012 to 4936 radiocarbon years.

Calendar and Era

* The Jewish Era Anno Mundi – Creation of the World began in Elul 3761 BC (September 6, 3761 BC in the Gregorian calendar).

Climate and Geology

The climate was subject to the first Piora variation (Piora variation I – 3900 to 3780 BC), causing global cooling. This led to the Sahara desert beginning to dry up, resulting in the migration of resident populations towards the Nile Valley.

Events and Developments

* The Neolithic Young period in Central Europe occurred from approximately 4400 to 3500 BC.
* In Syria, mass graves dated from 3800 to 3600 BC were discovered at Tell Majnuna (immediately north of Tell Brak), indicating armed conflicts.
* An earthquake near the Neolithic culture at Sotira in Cyprus destroyed a significant portion of the local infrastructure.
* The Ubaid period came to an abrupt end in eastern Arabia and the Oman peninsula around 3800 BC.
* In Syria, mass graves at Tell Brak have been unearthed, suggesting advanced warfare around this period.

Cultural Developments

* The culture of Neolithic II (4500 to 3500 BC) was present in Cyprus, with the main site located at Sotira on the south coast.
* The beginning of cultural development in Crete is believed to have occurred during this century.

Notable Events

* 3800–2700 BC: Dolmen of Dombate (Galicia)
* 3800–3200 BC: 120 Wedge tombs were constructed.