ROMSO Cyprus Knowledge Base

**449 BC**
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### Roman Calendar

The year 449 BC was a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar. In the Roman Empire, it was known as the Third Year of the Decenvires and the Year of the Consulate of Potito and Barbado (or less often, year 305 Ab urbe condita).

### Events

#### Former Greece

* The Callias peace treaty ended the third medical war between Athens and Persia. Licia was established as a border between the Persian Empire and Athens, with the Greek Polis (cities) of Asia Minor recognized as autonomous. The Athenian troops were required to evacuate Cyprus.

#### Cimon Expedition

* In the spring, Cimon led an expedition against the Persians in the eastern Mediterranean, mobilizing 200 vessels, including 60 sent to Egypt.
* He seized Marion in Cyprus but was killed in front of Cition.
* The Athenian fleet repatriated their troops and, on their return, defeated the Persian naval forces (chypriots, cilicians, and Phoenicians) off Salamin of Cyprus.

#### Rome

* On July 3 (15 May of the Roman calendar), the Decemviri retained power after the end of their second term.
* The army lifted by the decemviri against the Sabins and Eques failed.
* According to Tite-Live, the government of the Decemviri, led by Appius Claudius, was overthrown by a revolt of two armies fighting the Sabins (linked to the legendary account of Verginia's death).
* The plebe seceded on the Aventine and the Sacred Mount, demanding access to the consuls.

### Notable Events in Rome

* The end of the second decemvirate.
* Consoles Marco Orazio Barbato and Lucio Valerio Potito were appointed.
* The 12 bronze plates were displayed at the Forum.
* The Leges Valeriae Horatiae established provocatio.

### Deaths

* No specific information is available for this year.