9th millennium BC.

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17-15 millennia AP
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List of Millennias

It covers the period from 9000 to 8001 inclusive.

It sees the emergence of agriculture in the Middle East, which marks the beginning of Neolithic in the region.

Global events
The world population is increasing from 9000 to 3000 individuals.
8600-7500 : Boréal. Drier and warmer climate in Europe. Vegetation is dominated by hazelnuts, maples, pines and birch trees; wildlife by moose, beavers, aurochs, wild boars, deer and deer.

Africa

8850-7850: Neolithic (El Adam phase) in Upper Egypt. Average aridity. Pottery, wild millet, gazelle. The presence of large bovine bones and teeth suggests a hypothetical domestication. From 8850 to 4250, the numerous prehistoric installations in the oasis west of the Nile, including the sites of Nabta Playa (Egypt) and the Oued Howar (Wadi Howar) (Sudan), correspond to humid and arid periods. Nomadic hunters travel through forested areas now deserted. The Nile Valley, a huge swamp, offers no possibility of permanent residence.
8800-5100: maximum wetness in West Africa (neolithic subpluvial) that enjoys a monsoon climate, revealed by a large input of river sediments in the Gulf of Guinea with a maximum of 8400-7600 The Sahara is green and dotted with streams and lakes, Lake Chad reaches against the beginning of the third millennium.
Around 8500: first use of microlithic tools in the Sahara. Mounted on a wooden or wooden handle, they provide sickles to harvest wild grasses. Others are fixed as spikes and barbed wires on arrows and harpoons, sometimes subject to the help of mastic produced by lentisques. Early rock art of the Sahara. In Akakus and Tassili n'Ajjer, paintings of the style of "round heads" are after the date of 8000 ± 900. The classical chronology established according to the styles, distinguishes the archaic periods, known as "bubaline" (representation of the great buffalo, Bubalus antiquus) and "round head", and the pastoral period (domestication of the bovids, between 4500 and 4000), then in proto-history, a cabalin period (introduction of the horse) and another camelline (introduction of the dromedary). The denominations "bubaline" and "pastoral" tend to be abandoned in favour of the so-called "Mesāk" and "Tazina" styles for engravings and "Round Head" and "Eheren" for paintings.
Around 8550-8240: microlithic industry (points of Bir Ounan) associated with ceramic grinders and teasses in the Adrar Bous in the Teneré in Niger, left by hunters-fishers-gatherers belonging to the Kiffian culture.

America
Around 9000: human remains found in 1936 by Junius Bird in sites of (dated before present), Cerr