Celle

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Celle [] is a large independent city with about 70,000 inhabitants and district town of the district of Celle in Lower Saxony. The Mittelstadt is considered a southern gateway to the Lüneburg Heath and is a place with a picturesque old town with over 400 half-timbered houses and a castle in the style of the Renaissance and the Baroque.

Geography
Celle is located in the Urstromtal of the Aller, a tributary of the Weser. To the Lower Saxony state capital Hanover in the southwest it is about 40 km, Braunschweig is 65 km southeast and to Hamburg in the north it is 120 km. After Lüneburg, Celle is the second largest city between Hanover and Hamburg.

The area of the urban area is 176.05 km2. Within the urban area, the river Lachte flows to the east and the river Fuhse to the west into the Aller.

* Distances are rounded road kilometres to the town centre.

Urban breakdown
The city of Celle is a unitary municipality and is divided into the following districts (figures from 31 December 2021), which form localities according to the Lower Saxony Municipal Constitutional Law:

Neighboring municipalities
The following municipalities border the city of Celle. They are called clockwise starting in the north and all belong to the district of Celle: Stadt Bergen, Eschede, Beedenbostel and Lachendorf (both Samtgemeinde Lachendorf), Wienhausen (Samtgemeinde Flotwedel), Nienhagen and Adelheidsdorf (both Samtgemeinde Wathlingen), Hambühren and Winsen (Aller).

Climate change
The annual precipitation is 692 mm. It is in the middle third of the values recorded in Germany. At 39 % of the measuring stations of the German Weather Service, lower values are registered. The driest month is February, most precipitation falls in August, 1.5 times more than in February. They are distributed almost evenly throughout the year. Lower seasonal variations are recorded at only 1% of the measurement stations.

The annual mean temperature is 8.9 °C. The warmest months are July with an average of 17.5°C and August with 17.1°C and the coldest January with 0.6°C and February with 1.1°C.

History

The Middle Ages
Celle is mentioned as Kellu (“settlement on the river”) 993 for the first time in the description of the border of the bishopric Hildesheim. The place was located in the area of the current district Altencelle on the Brunonenburg and the Aller. He experienced an economic upswing as a customs and transhipment point for the merchant ships on the river. In the 11th century, the town had the right to mint. A coin is contained in the coin find of Sandur in the Faroe Islands. In 1249, “Kellu” or “Tsellis” was first called a city. In 1292 Duke Otto of Strictness called on the inhabitants to move to the new Celle, about 3 km northwest. It had formed as a trading place at a ford by the Allers. There was already a fortified tower in the 12th century, which was later expanded to the Castle Celle.

In 1301, city rights were granted. At the same time bega