ROMSO Cyprus Knowledge Base

"Cyprus Concentration Camps"

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The Cyprus Concentration Camps were special places for the capture and detention of Greek Cypriot fighters, without prior trial, during the epic four years of the 1955-1959 liberation struggle of Cypriots. More than 3,000 EECA fighters were reportedly detained in these camps.

General
S.S.Cyprus was created by the English, according to Hitlerian standards, in July 1955. Initially with the outbreak of the anti-colonial struggle (1 April 1955) and by November of the same year, the militants arrested were held in the Nicosia Central Prisons as well as in Kyrenia Castle. Then due to the large number of admissions the English administration created the concentration camps – detention camps of Kokkinotrimithia, Pyla and War. Likewise they were created in Pergamum, Mamamari, Pyroi, Saint Luke, Lake as well as Agyrta. A total of nine except for the first two prisons.

Installations
Most commonly the S.S.Cyprus were fenced areas with barbed wire in which they included little in number of buildings that mainly served the command and guard of the jailers, as well as a number of sidings, metal ground semi-cylinder structures - the so-called tolls, many of which did not have lavatories in which about 30 prisoners lived in each. After sundown these were locked until sunrise. At the center of every 2 or 4 barracks there was their yard while around all of them there were the so-called dead spaces that were forbidden to move prisoners at risk of being shot by the purposes of the towers which during the night with the headlamp beams swept the site.

Living
Incarcerated in the C.S. Cyprus were officially called "political prisoners" and the majority of them were militants for whom the English had not fully secured testimonies to bring them to trial and sentenced. So throughout their confinement they remained essentially hostages to the prison guards and colonial army.
The prisoners after the initial torture interrogation they had suffered and since they were creating doubts to the colonial authorities were admitted to the S.S. where each was a number.
During the day political prisoners could move to the small court, read books, sports by primitive means, engage in crafts or draw mental power by reading the Bible. Before sundown the prisoners were checked where the sealing of the barracks followed and the dramatic night of their confinement forbidding the touch of lights and discussions.
At the same time they were provided with some "priorities" such as mail traffic (censored) and weekly visits.

Action of prisoners
And yet under these circumstances in the S.S. they were alleged to have been a secret authority that determined the action of the entrenched fighters. She was a