De jure/de facto

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De jure (in the classical Latin form de iure) is a Latin expression for ‘legal, legal, official, official’;
de facto, the Latin expression for "according to facts, according to the situation of things, in practice, actually" (cf. in praxi), is also called factual ("in reality").

De facto refers to a circumstance which is considered to be widespread and generally accepted, even if it is not formally established by appropriate institutions as de jure. De jure refers to a legal target state, de facto an actual state.

Use
These two terms form an antonymous pair of terms, that is, if only one of the two terms is used in a sentence, the statement has a “but-but” structure and indicates the (sometimes unspoken) presence of the other. As a pair of terms, the two formulae are often used to describe legal, here especially international law, and political science issues. For example, a government may be in office de jure, i.e. it was established under current law. A de facto government or regime, on the other hand, has no legal recognition. For example, Somaliland is a de facto, but not de jure recognized state. In contrast, Somalia is internationally a de jure recognized, but de facto non-existent state.

Outside of the legal usage, the formulation is de facto used in the sense of “in reality” in the southern German, German-Swiss and Austrian regions by broader sections of the population.

In addition, the terms de jure and de facto are used mainly in English in connection with technical standards (de jure standard) and standards (de facto standard “industry standard”).

Examples
De facto, the Republic of Cyprus has a total area of 5896 km2, de jure this area is 9251 km2. This difference is due to the de facto regime of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus or the local de facto government.
Switzerland has de jure no capital, this is not constitutionally determined. In fact, Bern has the capital function.
The United States has no official language. However, de facto English is the predominantly used language for official documents.
Japan has no military de jure. In fact, the Japanese self-defense forces perform its function.
De jure, the European Union (EU) has no capital, de facto Brussels is the European capital and is considered the headquarters of the EU.
De jure, the official languages of the Vatican City State are Latin and Italian, but de facto only Italian is used.