Gallery Tomb Lippborg

--- CONTENT ---
The gallery tomb Lippborg was a megalithic tomb of the Neolithic Wartberg culture near Lippborg, a district of Lippetal in the district of Soest (North Rhine-Westphalia). It was destroyed in the 19th century.

Position
The tomb was located northwest of Lippborg near the Ebbecke farm, about 120 m west of the Wintergalen farm. 2.5 km northeast was the likewise destroyed gallery tomb Beckum I, 2.6 km northeast the preserved gallery tomb Beckum II.

History of research
The tomb was discovered before 1800. In the late 18th or early 19. In the 19th century, the cover plates and some wall plates were removed and used in Hamm for road construction. The residues of the plant still obtained were examined in 1860 by Moritz Friedrich Esselen and in 1863 by F. A. Borggreve. Later the tomb was completely removed.

Description

Architecture
The plant was oriented north-northwest-south-east. It had a total length of 90 feet (about 28.8 m) and a width of 3 m. The tomb was originally completely immersed in the ground. It had an inner width of 5 feet (about 1.5 m) and a ceiling height of 5 feet (about 1.5 m). In the 1860s, only the northern half of the chamber was preserved. There were still twelve wall panels, whose spaces were filled with dry masonry from smaller limestone slabs. Where the original access to the chamber was located is unknown.

The building material for the chamber probably came from the immediate vicinity. It should have been brought from a maximum distance of 1 km. The material requirement is estimated to be about 276.75 t.

Funerals
In the 1860s, skeletal remains were recovered by several individuals, including eight skulls. The bones are missing today.

Attachments
Only a part of them is preserved today. The LWL Museum of Archaeology in Herne contains four blades, two blade scrapers and a flint axe and 15 perforated animal teeth. A ceramic shard, a third blade scraper, other flint artifacts, a possible rock grinding stone, an unspecified bone artifact and a roof skull are lost today. Some granite objects mentioned by Borggreve should not be artifacts.

Literature
F. A. Borggreve: The three graves near Westerschulte and Wintergalen in the Beckum area. In: Journal of History and Antiquity of Westphalia. Volume 33, 1875, pp. 96–100 (PDF; 14.4 MB).
Moritz Friedrich Esselen: The stone monument near Wintergalen. Additions to the diary notes of Lieutenant-Colonel Schmidt in the 20th volume of this magazine. In: Journal of History and Antiquity of Westphalia. Volume 1867, pp. 372–374 (PDF; 2 MB).
Hugo Hoffmann: Status and tasks of prehistoric and early history research in Westphalia. In: Westphalian Research. Volume 1, 1938, p. 214.
Kerstin Schierhold: Studies on Hessian-Westphalian megalithics. Research