ROMSO Cyprus Knowledge Base

List of Heads of State in 1365

The year 1365 was marked by significant leadership changes across various regions, including Asia, Europe, Africa, and the Americas. This list aims to provide an overview of notable heads of state during this period.

Asia

In Asia, several kingdoms and empires experienced transitions in their ruling leaders. The Ak-Koyunlu kingdom, led by Kutlug Bey, maintained its dominance under his rule from 1362 to 1389. In the neighboring region of Anatolia, the Aydinogullars were ruled by Isa I, who held power from 1360 to 1390.

The Artukids, with Ahmad al-Mansour as their emir, controlled Mardina from 1364 to 1368. The Hermian kingdom was led by Sulayman Shah, Bey, until his death in 1388. In the Caucasus region, the Zulqadar as Khalil Chars ad-Din held power from 1353 to 1386.

The Isfendiyarogullars were ruled by Jalal ad-din Bayezid, who controlled Menteshe from 1361 to 1383. The Karamanids, led by Alaeddin Ali I, held sway over the region until his death in 1398.

In India, several kingdoms experienced leadership changes during this period. The Amber kingdom was ruled by Jansi Rao, Raja, who controlled Jaipur from 1317 to 1366. In Bengal, Sikandar Shah I, Sultan, maintained power from 1358 to 1390.

The Vijayanagar Empire, led by Bukkah Raya I, held sway over the region until his death in 1377. The Eastern Ganges were ruled by Bhanu Deva III, king, who controlled the kingdom from 1352 to 1378.

In Southeast Asia, several kingdoms experienced leadership changes during this period. In Indonesia, the Majapahit kingdom was led by an unnamed ruler.

Europe

Europe also witnessed significant leadership changes in 1365. The Kingdom of England was ruled by Edward III, who held power from 1327 to 1377. In Anjou, Louis I, Duke, controlled the region until his death in 1384.

In Aragon, Peter IV Ceremonios ruled as king from 1336 to 1387. Austria was