List of privatizations by country

AI-assisted Knowledge Update: This article was automatically consolidated to provide you with the most up-to-date data instantly.

This list of privatizations provides links to notable and/or major privatizations.

Privatisation by country

Argentina

Aerolíneas Argentinas (1990) – former national carrier; renationalized in 2009.
Agua y Energía Eléctrica (1992–95) – national electricity production company; partitioned and sold.
Buenos Aires Underground (1994) – given under concession but still owned by the State.
Empresa Nacional de Correos y Telégrafos (ENCoTel, 1997) – given under concession as Correo Argentino. Re-nationalized in 2003.
ENTel (national telecommunications company, 1990) – partitioned and sold to France Télécom and to Spanish Telefónica.
Fábrica Militar de Aviones (FMA, 1995) – sold to Lockheed Martin.
Ferrocarriles Argentinos (1991–95) – railway lines all over the country (partially re-nationalized).
Gas del Estado (1992) – national gas company partitioned and sold, among others, to the Spanish Gas Natural company Naturgy.
Obras Sanitarias de la Nación (water company, 1992–93) - given under concession to the French conglomerate Suez, which operated it under the name Aguas Argentinas; re-nationalized in 2006 as Aguas y Saneamientos Argentinos (AySA).
Segba (1992) - partitioned and given under concession to Edesur, Edenor and Edelap.
Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF, 1991–92) – national oil-company sold to the Spanish Repsol. The Argentinian government in 2004 set up a new state oil company (Enarsa) from scratch, which proved of no use. In 2012, the Argentine Government expropriated 51% of the shares of YPF owned by Repsol.

Australia

Commonwealth Oil Refineries 1952 Under Liberal
Optus 1985 Under Labor
Commonwealth Bank of Australia 1991 Under Labor
Qantas 1993 Under labor
Commonwealth Serum Laboratories 1994 Under Labor
Electricity and natural gas supply companies in Victoria 1995 Under Liberal
Telstra 1997 Under Liberal
Public transport in Melbourne 1999 Under Liberal
Electricity Trust of South Australia 1999 Under Liberal
Sydney Airport 2002 Under Liberal
Medibank 2014 Under Liberal
Commonwealth Industrial Gases
Government Cleaning Service in New South Wales
Government Insurance Office in New South Wales
Government Printing Service in New South Wales
State-owned betting-agencies in most states Under Liberal and Labor
Many long-distance and urban passenger railway services Under Liberal and Labor
All freight railway services Under Liberal and Labor
Most State-owned banks Under Liberal and Labor

Austria

1980s
OMV (1987, 1989, 1994, 1996; government retains 31.5%)

1990s
Simmering-Graz-Pauker (1992–93)
VOEST-Alpine Eisenbahntechnik (1992–94)
Austria Mikro Systeme International (1993–94)
A.S.A. Abfall Service AG (1993)
VA Technologie (1994, 2003, 2005)
AT&S (1994)
Böhler-Uddeholm (1995, 1996, 2003)
Schoeller-Bleckmann Oilfield Equipment (1995)
Schoeller-Bleckmann Edelstahlrohr GesmbH (1995)
Bernhard Steinel Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH (1995)
VA Stahl AG (1995, 1996, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005)
Weiler Werkzeugmaschinen (1995)
GIWOG-Wohnbaugruppe (1996)
Vamed AG (1996)
VA Bergtechnik (1996)
AMAG Austria Metall AG (1996)
Salinen Austria (1997)
Mobilkom Austria (1997)
Wiener Boerse (1999)
Bank Austria (1997–98)
Austria Tabak (1997, 1999, 2001)
Telekom Austria (1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006; government retains 28.42%)

2000s
Österreichische Postsparkasse (2000)
Vienna International Airport (2000, 2001; regional governments of Vienna and Lower Austria retain 40%)
Österreichische Staatsdruckerei (2000)
Dorotheum (2001)
Strohal Rotations Druck (2002)
BMG Metall und Recycling (2004)
VOEST-Alpine Erzberg (2004)
Österreichische Post (2006; government retains 52.85%)
Austrian Airlines (2009)

2010s
(2016)

2020s
EuroTeleSites (2023) the radio tower division of A1 Telekom Austria Group

Bahrain

Bahrain Telecommunications Co. (Q1 2005, $800 million)

Bolivia

Brazil

Banco do Estado do Maranhão S.A
Banespa
BB Turismo
CEDAE
CELMA
CSN
Embraer
Embratel
Petrobras Distribuidora
RFFSA
Terminal Pesqueiro de Manaus
Terminal Pesqueiro de Vitória
Telebrás
Usiminas
Vale do Rio Doce
VASP

Canada

Teleglobe (1987) – an international telco carrier
Air Canada (1988)
Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan (1989)
Telus (1991), formerly Alberta Government Telephones
Petro-Canada (1991)
Nova Scotia Power (1992)
Canadian National Railway (1995)
Saskatchewan Wheat Pool (1996)
Manitoba Telecom Services or MTS (1996)
Highway 407 (1999) – leased to private operators
Ontario Hydro (1999) – only partially privatized with Hydro One and Ontario Power Generation, a publicly owned company and crown corporation respectively
Uranium industry in Saskatchewan

Chile

CAP S.A.
Chilectra
Colbún S.A.
CTC
Enaex
Empremar
Endesa
Entel
Esval
IANSA
Lan Airlines
Pension Funds (AFP)
Soquimich

Czechoslovakia
Virtually everything after the Velvet Revolution in 1989; see voucher privatization for details.

Egypt

The Shebin spinning and weaving factory in Menoufia in the Nile Delta was on strike against/locked out by its new non-Egyptian owners in the wake of the 2011 revolution. Workers and maybe the military now in control of the state were favoring re-nationalization, according to one report. "[L] iberal economic policy is tarred with [the old regime's] corruption," said Michael Wahid Hanna, in Cairo for the U.S.-based Century Foundation. Indorama, the new Indonesian/Thai owner of Shebin, was not quoted in the report. Looking further back to 2000, "well considered public spinners" Shebin El Kom and STIA, were then considered to have a "redundant labor problem ... [but] would otherwise be attractive privatization buying or leasing opportunities for private investors." In 2011, STIA, also known as El Nasr Wool & Selected Textiles, of Alexandria, remained "one of the largest public sector textiles companies."

Finland
Finnair
Sonera (former Telecom Finland)

France

1980s

Compagnie Générale d'Electricité became Alcatel (1987)
Havas (1987)
IN Groupe (1993)
Matra (1988)
Paribas – privatized in 1987 and merged with BNP to form BNP Paribas
Saint-Gobain – created in 1665 by minister of Finance Jean-Baptiste Colbert; privatized in 1986
Société Générale privatized in 1987
Suez – privatized and merged with the stated-owned Gaz de France (GDF) in 2008 to form GDF Suez
TF1 – first TV channel of France, privatized in 1987

1990s
France Télécom (1998)
Arcelor (1995)
Assurances Générales de France (1996)
Groupe Bull (1997)
CNP Assurances (1998)
Compagnie générale transatlantique (1996) – merged with CMA to form CMA-CGM
Crédit Industriel et Commercial (1998)
Crédit local de France (1991)
Le Crédit Lyonnais (1999)
Elf Aquitaine – privatized in 1994; absorbed by Total
Eramet (1999)
Gan (1998)
Pechiney (1995)
Renault (1996) – the French state still have 15.01% of the shareholding
SEITA (1995) – now Altadis
Total
Union des Assurances de Paris (1994)

2000s

Aéroports de Paris – the French State remains the major shareholder: 52%
Air France – opening shareholding open in 1999. Merged with KLM and merged to form: Air France-KLM (as 2004, the French State remain 44%). As of 2012, the French State remains 15.8%.
Credit Lyonnais (a bank ;– privatized in 2001)
Électricité de France (EDF) (in December 2005 France sold 30% of EDF)
French Highway Concession
A'lienor – sold to Eiffage (65%) and Société des Autoroutes du Nord et de l'Est de la France (35%)
Alis – sold to Société des Autoroutes du Nord et de l'Est de la France
Société des Autoroutes de Paris Normandie – sold to Vinci
Société des Autoroutes du Nord et de l'Est de la France – sold to Abertis (52,5%); the rest is owned by other investors
Autoroutes Paris-Rhin-Rhône – sold to Eiffage
Autoroutes du Sud de la France – sold to Vinci
Arcour – sold to Vinci
Atlandes – sold to Colas Group (subsidiaries of Bouygues) and other investors
Cofiroute – sold to Vinci
Gaz de France (GDF) – Prime minister Dominique de Villepin announced a merger between GDF and Suez; since the state owns 80% of GDF, a privatization of GDF would require the passing of a new law; the state would control only 34% of the capital of the new group: see commentary.
Orange S.A. (formerly France Télécom) (the French State has owned under 50% of Orange since September 2004) – the French State remains (including ERAP): 26,94%
Pages Jaunes (Yellow Pages) (in 2004 France sold 32% of Pages Jaunes for €1.25 billion)
Snecma (in 2004 France sold 35% of Snecma for €1.45 billion)
Société nationale industrielle aérospatiale (2000) – merged with DASA and CASA to form the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company
Thomson Multimédia
Thomson Multimédia – now Technicolor
Thomson-CSF – now Thales Group; the French State remains 27%
SNCM (Société Nationale Maritime Corse Méditerranée) – ferry-company; privatized at the end of 2005; the French State remains 25% in SNCM

2010s
Française des Jeux (FDJ) – in 2019 the French State sold off around 50% of its shares retaining 20%

Germany

Deutsche Bundespost became in January 1995:
Deutsche Post – the state owns 20.5% through the KfW.
Deutsche Telekom – the state still owns 32%, partly direct and partly through the KfW.
Deutsche Postbank – in 2004 the state floated a minority stake for €2.5 billion
Deutsche Bundesbahn became Deutsche Bahn in 1994, although it is 100% state owned.
UFA underwent privatization in 1921

Ghana

Guinea

Greece

DESFA – On 20 December 2018, a consortium formed by Snam (60%), Enagás (20%) and Fluxys (20%) completed the acquisition of a 66% stake in DESFA for an amount of €535 million.
Hellenic Petroleum – Starting from the 1990s, the Greek Government gradually sold its shares in the company, and currently owns only 35.5% of the shares.
Hellenic Vehicle Industry (ELVO) – In December 2020, 79% of the shares were acquired by an Israeli consortium formed by Plasan and SK Group. The Hellenic state continues to retains 21% of the shares.
Olympic Airways – at first, then Olympic Airlines; the Hellenic State attempted to privatise the ailing airlines five times, more or less, from 2004 onwards. The company was folded and re-created in 2009, and privatized in 2012, under the supervision of the EU and IMF, as it was part of the debt-restructuring process of 2012.
OPAP (Lottery and Betting Monopoly) – privatization completed in 2013, when the last remaining government-owned stock was sold
OTE (Οργανισμός Τηλεπικοινωνιών Ελλάδος / Hellenic Telecommunications Company) – became partly privatised in the 1990s, when its only shareholder at the time, the Hellenic State, reduced its share of the company to 36%. Since May 2018, Deutsche Telekom owns 45% of the shares, and the Hellenic State has retained 5%.
Piraeus Port Authority – In April 2016, HRADF sold 51% of Piraeus Port Authority to the COSCO Group.
Public Power Corporation – In 2001, PPC carried out a share flotation on the Athens Stock Exchange and consequently was no longer wholly owned by the government, although it was still controlled by it with a 51.12% stake until 2021. The company was privatised in November 2021, when the Greek government decreased its shareholding to 34.12% and transferred it to the Greek sovereign wealth fund, the Hellenic Corporation of Assets and Participations (HCAP).
Thessaloniki Port Authority – In March 2018, an international consortium acquired 67% of the shares, with the Hellenic State retaining 7.27%.
TrainOSE – It was acquired in September 2017 by the Italian railway company, Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane.

Hong Kong, China
Hong Kong Mail Service
Link REIT
MTR Corporation

Honduras

Iceland

Búnaðarbanki Íslands hf – privatized in 1999–2003
Landsbanki Íslands hf – privatized in 1999–2003
Landssími Íslands hf – privatized in 2005
Skýrr hf – privatized in 1997–1998

India

Air India – sold to Tata Group in 2020
Bharat Aluminium Company – sold to Vedanta Limited in 2000
CMC Limited – sold to Tata Consultancy Services in 2001
Lagan Engineering – in 2001
Hindustan Zinc Limited – sold to Vedanta Limited in 2001
Maruti Udyog Limited
Modern Food Industries – sold to Hindustan Unilever in 2000
Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited – sold to Tata Group in 2008
Jessop & Company – sold to Ruia Group in 2003
Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited – sold to Reliance Industries
Hindustan Petroleum - sold to Oil and Natural Gas Corporation in 2017
IDBI Bank - 51% majority sold to LIC in 2019
Following Airports:
Jaipur International Airport – owned and operated by public–private consortium led by Adani Group
Cochin International Airport
Mangalore International Airport – owned and operated by public–private consortium led by Adani Group
Thiruvananthapuram International Airport – owned and operated by public–private consortium led by Adani Group
Indira Gandhi International Airport - Delhi – owned and operated by public–private consortium led by GMR Group
Chaudhary Charan Singh Airport - Lucknow – owned and operated by public–private consortium led by Adani Group
Rajiv Gandhi International Airport - Hyderabad – owned and operated by public–private consortium led by GMR Group
Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport - Mumbai – owned and operated by public–private consortium led by Adani Group
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport - Ahmedabad – owned and operated by public–private consortium led by Adani Group
Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport - Guwahati – owned and operated by public–private consortium led by Adani Group

Indonesia

Aneka Gas Industri (partially sold to Messer Group and PT Tira Austenite in 1996, fully sold to Samator Gas in 2004)
Indosat (sold to Temasek Holdings in 2002–2003)

Iran

Iraq
(planned) most industries except oil, at the behest of the United States-sponsored government

Ireland
ACCBank – sold to Rabobank
Aer Lingus – floated on the stock market
British and Irish Steampacket Company Limited – sold to Irish Continental Group
Cablelink – sold to NTL Ireland; formerly held 50/50 by Telecom Éireann and Raidió Teilifís Éireann, both state-owned at the time
ICC Bank – sold to Bank of Scotland
Irish Life – sold to Irish Permanent
Irish National Petroleum Corporation – all assets sold to ConocoPhillips, still exists in law
Irish Steel – transferred ownership to Ispat, firm bankrupt, no longer exists
Irish Sugar – floated on stock market as Greencore; state retains one share for veto purposes
Nítrigin Éireann – sold to its other shareholder in Irish Fertiliser Industries, Richardsons, final firm called IFI, no longer exists
Telecom Éireann – floated on the stock market
TSB Bank – bought by Irish Life and Permanent from the Government of Ireland in 2001

Israel

Bezeq
El Al
Bank Hapoalim
Bank Leumi (partial)
Israel Chemicals
Israel Discount Bank (partial)
RAFAEL Armament Development Authority (partial)
Zim Integrated Shipping Services

Italy
INA Assitalia
ITA Airways
Enel S.p.A. (1999 32% €16.6 billion, 2003 6.6% €2.2 billion, 2004 20% €7.5 billion)
Eni
IRI (among which are Autostrade s.p.a., Credito Italiano)
Telecom Italia
Terna (Enel sold 43.5% for €1.48 billion in June 2004)

Japan
Japan Airlines
Japan Highway Public Corporation
Japan Post (half-privatized)
Japan Railways Group (formerly Japanese National Railways)
Japan Tobacco
New Tokyo International Airport Authority (Narita)
Nippon Express
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone

Jordan
Aramex International (Q1 2005, 75% for $150–200 million)
Jordan Telecom
Queen Alia International Airport

South Korea
Korea Electric Power (KEPCO; half-privatized)
Korea Telecom
KOGAS
KT&G (Korea Tobacco & Ginseng)
POSCO (Pohang Iron & Steel)

Kuwait
Kuwait Finance House (November 2004, 25% of the company for $1 billion)

Malaysia
Johor Water Corporation
Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad – national railway company
Malaysia Airlines
Malaysia Airports Holdings
Pasir Gudang Local Authority
Pos Malaysia – national postal services
Senai International Airport
Telekom Malaysia
Tenaga National Berhad – national electricity-generation and distribution

Mexico
1,150 public companies, including banks, railroads, the telephone company, mines, roads, TV stations, ports, airports, airlines, sugar mills, and retirement funds.

Morocco

Netherlands

PTT, the mail and telecom company

New Zealand

Air New Zealand – privatized in 1989, subsequently rescued by the Government of New Zealand in 2001
Auckland Airport
Bank of New Zealand – semi-privatized in 1987; rescued by the Crown in 1990; sold off in 1992
Electricity Corporation of New Zealand (ECNZ) – part of which became privatized as Contact Energy in the period 1995–1998
Government Print
Ministry of Works and Development
Natural Gas Corporation (NGC), ultimately absorbed into Vector Limited
New Zealand Steel – privatized from 1987, now part of BlueScope
The Post Office Savings Bank (POSB) – bought by the ANZ Bank in 1989
Telecom New Zealand – privatized in 1990
New Zealand Rail Limited – privatized in 1993, became Tranz Rail Limited in 1995; the government subsequently repurchased the track lease
various council-controlled organisations formerly owned by territorial authorities: see also Local Authority Trading Enterprises (LATEs)

Norway
Arcus (sold to Sucra in 2001)
Christiania Bank og Kreditkasse (sold to Nordea in 2000)
DnB NOR (floated on the stock market in 1995, government retains 34%)
Finnmark Fylkesrederi og Ruteselskap (sold to Veolia Transport Norge in 2003)
Fredrikstad Energi (49% sold to Fortum)
Kongsberg Gruppen (floated on the stock market in 1993, government retains 50%)
Norsk Medisinaldepot (sold to Celesio in 2001)
NSB Gods (now CargoNet, partially sold to Green Cargo in 2002, NSB retains 55%)
Oslo Energi (parts merged with Hafslund)
Postbanken (merged with DnB NOR in 1999)
Statkorn (floated on the stock market as Cermaq in 2000, government retains 44%)
Statoil (floated on the stock market in 2001, government retains 71%)
Telenor (floated on the stock market in 2000, government retains 54%)
TrønderBilene (66% sold to Fosen Trafikklag in 1999)
Østfold Energi (parts sold to Fortum in 2001)
Årdal og Sunndal Verk (merged with Norsk Hydro in 1986)

Pakistan

National Refinery Limited (acquired by Attock Group of Companies in July 2005)
Pakistan Telecom sold out to Eitisalat in 2006.

Peru

AeroPeru – Peruvian Air Transport Enterprise (sold to Aeroméxico in 1993, closed in 1999)
ENATRU – National Urban Transport Enterprise (sold to the employees)
Empresa Regional de Servicio Público de Electricidad del Sur Medio – ELECTRODUNAS (Sold to HICA)
SIDERPERU (Sold to Sider Corporation S.A)
PESCAPERU – Fishing National Enterprise
MINEROPERU – Peruvian National Mining Company
Tintaya (sold to Magma Copper Corporation)
Ilo Mining (sold to Southern Peru Copper Corporation, and since 2018 is part of Grupo Mexico)
Centromin – Mining of Central Peru
Hierro Peru (Sold to Shougang Group)
National Company of Gas – SOL GAS (sold to Repsol)
EDEGEL (sold to Endesa in 1996, since 2016 is part of Enel)
ENAFER (Parts of Peru Rail, Fetransa and FCCA)
CPT – ENTEL (Sold to Telefonica in 1994)
EDELNOR (sold to Endesa in 1994, since 2016 is part of Enel)
EDELSUR (sold to Sempra Energy in 1994, since 2019 is part of CTG)
Banco Continental del Peru (Sold to BBV and since 1999 part of BBVA)
Inter bank (Part of Banco Internacional del Peru)

Philippines

Poland

Telekomunikacja Polska S.A.

Portugal
ANA – Aeroportos de Portugal (Portuguese airports)
CIMPOR
CTT – Portuguese post
EDP – Energia de Portugal
Fidelidade – the insurance part of the CGD public bank
Galp Energia – national petroleum company
Portugal Telecom – national telecommunications company
REN – Rede Eléctrica Nacional
TAP – airline

Qatar
Qatargas (Q1 2005, 50% for $600 million)

Romania
Rompetrol – petroleum company (1993 & 1998)
Ursus Breweries – beer brewer and distributor (1996)
Romcim (now Lafarge Romania) – industrial materials company (1997)
Casial Hunedoara (now HeidelbergCement Romania) – industrial materials company (1997)
Romtelecom (now Telekom Romania) – telecommunications company (1998 & 2003)
BRD – Groupe Société Générale – bank (1999)
Automobile Dacia – car manufacturer (1999)
Astra Rail Industries – rail vehicle manufacturer (1999 & 2000)
Petromidia Refinery – oil refinery (2000)
Sidex (now ArcelorMittal Galați) – steelworks (2001)
Alro – aluminium company (2002)
Petrom – petroleum company (2004)
Banca Comercială Română – bank (2003 & 2006)
Electrica – electricity distributor (2006, 2008 & 2014)
Automobile Craiova (now Ford Romania) – car manufacturer (2007)

Russia

A wide-scale privatization program was launched in 1992–1994, using a voucher privatization scheme; from 1995, a monetary scheme was used.
Gazprom (1994)
LUKoil (1995)
Mechel (1995)
MMC Norilsk Nickel (1995)
Novolipetsk Steel (1995)
Surgutneftegaz (1995)
YUKOS (1995)

Saudi Arabia
Al-Bilad Bank (2008, 50%)
Bank Al-Inma (2008, 70%)
Government Hotels (2005, 100% of King Abdullah International Convention Centre in Jeddah and Ritz Carlton in Riyadh)
Maaden (2008, 50%)
National Commercial Bank (2014, 25%)
Riyad Bank (2008, 58%)
SABIC (1984, 30%)
Saudi Arabian Airlines (2006, split into 10 business units, 5 of which were privatized)
Saudi Electric Company (2000, 26%)
Saudi Ports (1997, 27 management contracts were given out to various ports around the Kingdom)
Saudi Real Estate Company (2003, 50%)
Saudi Telecom Company (2002, 30%)

Singapore
Port of Singapore Authority (1997)
Post Office Savings Bank (bought by DBS Bank in 1998 and rebranded as POSBank)
Singapore Broadcasting Corporation (1994, as the Television Corporation of Singapore; later renamed MediaCorp in 2001) – owned by the government through government-owned investment firms
Singapore Post – owned by the government through government-owned investment firms
Singapore Power – owned by the government through government-owned investment firms
Singapore Telecommunications (1992) – owned by the government through government-owned investment firms

Slovakia

South Africa

Iscor – Now known as ArcelorMittal South Africa, the company was privatised in 1989.
Telkom – Gradually privatised starting with the IPO in 2003. The government currently holds 39%, and is planning on selling its entire stake.

Spain
Aceralia
Argentaria
ENDESA (1988–1998)
Gas Natural
Iberia Airlines (2001)
Indra
Red Electrica de España
Repsol (1989–1997)
Retevision
SEAT (1986)
Tabacalera

Sweden

1980s
ASEA-ATOM (1981) -
Luxor AB (1984)
SSAB (1986–1994)
UV Shipping (1988)

1990s
AssiDomän
Celsius
Cementa
Enator
Företagskapital
Industrikredit AB
Lantbrukskredit AB
Nordbanken (partial)
OK Petroleum
Pharmacia
Pharmacia & Upjohn
SAKAB
SAQ Kontrol
SBL Vaccin
SEMKO
SSAB (wholly privatised in 1994)
Stadshypotek AB
Svalöf Weibull AB
Svensk Fastighetsvärdering
Svenska Statens Språkresor AB
Swedish Real Estate Valuation Corp
VPC AB

2000s
Celsius AB
Grängesbergs Gruvor
Kurortsverksamhet
Nordbanken
OMX – stock exchange – shares sold to Borse Dubai for 2.1 billion SEK.
SAKAB
SGAB
Svenska Lagerhus
Svenska
Vin & Sprit – sold to Pernod Ricard for 5.626 billion euro

2010s
Nordea (19.5% owned by Swedish government)

Planned privatisations
Apoteket (partial, 2009)
SBAB
SAS (50% owned by Swedish, Danish, Norwegian governments)
Telia Sonera (37.3% owned by the Swedish government)

Tanzania

Turkey

(Listing Scope >US $10 M.)

1980s
Ankara Çimento
Ansan-Meda
Balikesi̇r Çimento
Pinarhi̇sar Çimento
Söke Çimento

1990s
Adiyaman Çimento
Anadolubank
Aşkale Çimento
Bartin Çimento
Bozüyük Seramik
Çİnkur
Çorum Çimento
Denİzbank
Denİzlİ Çimento
Elaziğ Çimento
Erganİ Çimento
Etİbank
Fİlyos
Gazİantep Çimento
Güneş Sigorta Spor Kulübü
Havaş
Ipragaz
İskenderun Çimento
Kars Çimento
Konya Krom Man.A.Ş.
Kümaş
Kurtalan Çimento
Ladİk Çimento
Lalapaşa Çimento
Metaş
Petlas
Ray Sigorta
Şanliurfa Çimento
Sİvas Çimento
Sümerbank
Trabzon Çimento
Türk Kablo
Tofaş S.K.
Van Çimento Sanayii
Yarimca Porselen T.A.Ş.

2000s
Adapazarı Sugar Fac.
Asİl Çelİk
Ataköy Hotel
Ataköy Marina
Ataköy Tourism
Başak Insurance
Başak Retirement Fund
Bet Kütahya Şeker
Bursagaz
Çayelİ Bakir İşl.A.Ş.
Cyprus Turkish Airlines
Denİz Naklİyati T.A.Ş.
Esgaz
Eti Aluminium
Etİ Bakir
Etİ Elektrometalurji
Etİ Gümüş A.Ş.
Etİ Krom A.Ş.
Güven Sİgorta
Dİv-Han
Taksan
Türk Telekom

Ukraine
Kryvorizhstal

United Arab Emirates
Damas Jewelry (November 2004, 55% of the company for $224 million)

United Kingdom

1970s
Lunn Poly (1971)
Thomas Cook (1972)
Rolls-Royce Motors (1973)
State Management Scheme (1973)
British Petroleum (1977, 1979, 1981, 1987)
International Computers Limited (1979)

1980s
British Aerospace (1981, 1985)
Alvis (1981)
Coventry Climax (1982)
Amersham International (1982)
Associated British Ports (1983, 1984)
Sealink (1984)
Jaguar (1984)
Trustee Savings Bank (1985)
British Airways Helicopters (1986)
British Gas (1986)
Rolls-Royce (1987)
Royal Ordnance (1987)
British Airports Authority (1987)
Danish Automobile Building (1987)
ISTEL (1987)
Leyland Bus (1987)
British Airways (1987)
British Leyland
Leyland Tractors (1982)
Leyland Trucks (1987)
Rover Group (1988)
Unipart (1987)
British Rail Engineering Limited (1989)
British Shipbuilders (1985–1989, shipbuilder companies sold individually)
British Steel plc (1988)
British Sugar (1981)
British Telecom (1984, 1991, 1993)
British Transport Hotels (1983)
Britoil (1982, 1985)
Cable and Wireless (1981, 1983, 1985)
Council houses (1980–present, over two million sold to their tenants) – see main article Right to buy scheme
Enterprise Oil (1984)
Fairey (1980)
Ferranti (1982)
Harland and Wolff (1989)
Inmos (1984)
Municipal bus companies (1988–present, bus companies sold individually) – see main article Bus deregulation in Great Britain
National Bus Company (1986–1988, bus companies sold individually)
National Express (1988)
National Freight Corporation (1982)
Passenger transport executive bus companies (1988–1994, bus companies sold individually)
Travellers Fare (1988)
Vale of Rheidol Railway (1989)
Water companies – see main article Water privatisation in England and Wales
Anglian Water (1989)
North West Water (1989)
Northumbrian Water (1989)
Severn Trent (1989)
South West Water (1989)
Southern Water (1989)
Thames Water (1989)
Welsh Water (1989)
Wessex Water (1989)
Yorkshire Water (1989)

1990s
AEA Technology (1996)
Agricultural Development and Advisory Service (1997)
Belfast International Airport (1994)
Birmingham Airport (1993 – 51%)
Bournemouth Airport (1995)
Bristol Airport (1997, 2001)
British Coal (1994)
British Energy (1996)
British Rail – see main article Privatisation of British Rail
3 rolling stock companies:
Angel Trains (1996)
Eversholt Leasing (1996)
Porterbrook (1996)
6 design office units (1995–1997, sold individually)
6 freight operating companies
Freightliner (1995)
Loadhaul (1996)
Mainline Freight (1996)
Rail Express Systems (1996)
Railfreight Distribution (1997)
Transrail Freight (1996)
6 track renewal units (1995–1997, sold individually)
7 infrastructure maintenance units (1995–1997, sold individually)
25 train operating companies (1996, operations contracted out as franchises)
British Rail Research (1996)
British Rail Telecommunications (1995)
European Passenger Services (1996)
Railtrack (1996) (18 October 2002 went into voluntary liquidation), now in public ownership as Network Rail
Red Star Parcels (1995)
Union Railways (1996)
British Technology Group (1992)
Building Research Establishment (1997)
Cardiff Airport (1995)
Central Electricity Generating Board
National Grid (1990)
National Power (1991, 1995)
Powergen (1991, 1995)
Chessington Computer Centre (1996)
Department for National Savings (1999, back office functions contracted out)
East Midlands Airport (1993)
Girobank (1990)
Humberside Airport (1999 – 82%)
Kingston Communications (1999, 2007)
Laboratory of the Government Chemist (1996)
Liverpool Airport (1990, 2001)
London Buses (1994, bus companies sold individually) – see main article Privatisation of London bus services
London Luton Airport (1997)
London Southend Airport (1993)
National Engineering Laboratory (1995)
National Transcommunications Limited (1990)
Natural Resources Institute (1996)
Northern Ireland Electricity (1993)
Property Services Agency (1994)
Regional electricity companies
East Midlands Electricity (1990)
Eastern Electricity (1990)
London Electricity (1990)
MANWEB (1990)
Midlands Electricity (1990)
Northern Electric (1990)
NORWEB (1990)
SEEBOARD (1990)
Southern Electric (1990)
SWALEC (1990)
SWEB Energy (1990)
Yorkshire Electricity (1990)
Scottish Bus Group (1991, bus companies sold individually)
Scottish Hydro-Electric (1991)
Scottish Power (1991)
Severn Bridge (1992)
The Stationery Office (1996)
Student loans portfolios (1998, 1999, 2013)
Transport Research Laboratory (1996)
Trust Ports (1992–1997, ports sold individually)

2000s
Actis (2004, 2012)
BBC Books (2006 – 85%)
BBC Broadcast (2005)
BBC Costumes and Wigs (2008)
BBC Outside Broadcasts (2008)
BBC Technology (2004)
British Nuclear Fuels Limited
AWE Management Limited (2008)
BNG America (2007)
BNG Project Services (2008)
Reactor Sites Management Company (2007)
Westinghouse Electric Company (2006)
East Thames Buses (2009)
Leeds Bradford International Airport (2007)
National Air Traffic Services (2001 – 51%)
Newcastle Airport (2001 – 49%)
Partnerships UK (2000, 2011)
Qinetiq (2002, 2006, 2008)
South Eastern Trains (2006)
Teesside International Airport (2003 – 75%)
UKAEA Limited (2009)

2010s
BBC Audiobooks (2010 – 85%)
BBC Magazines (2011)
Behavioural Insights Team (2014 – 67%)
Bio Products Laboratory (2013 – 80%)
Constructionline (2015)
Defence Support Group (2015)
Dr Foster Intelligence (2015)
East Coast Trains (2015)
Eurostar International Limited (2015 – 40%)
Fire Service College (2013)
Food and Environment Research Agency (2015 – 75%)
Government Pipelines and Storage System (2015)
High Speed 1 (2010; sale of concession to operate for 30 years)
Lloyds Banking Group (2013, 2014, 2015)
Manchester Airports Group (2013 – 35%)
NEC Group (2015)
Northern Rock (2012)
Remploy (2012, 2013, 2015, factory businesses sold individually)
Royal Bank of Scotland Group (2015)
Royal Mail (2013, 2015)
The Tote (2011)

United States

Conrail
Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae)
Railway Express Agency
Student Loan Marketing Association (SLM Corporation) (Sallie Mae)

See also
Nationalization
List of nationalizations by country
Privatization

References