Professional army

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A professional army is an army in whose personnel there are no conscripts, but only temporary and professional soldiers on a voluntary basis.

Definitions
Instead of the term professional army, various terms are used or proposed to highlight or clarify one or the other aspect.

Volunteer Army
Professional army implies an organization similar to police or border guards, where most of the relatives are employed until retirement age. But such a military structure cannot be realized,
because this organization would age in the medium to long term and could lose its functionality.
To clarify this, according to a NATO representative, the term volunteer force should be used.
Retired Brigadier General Manfred Opel, member of the SPD Bundestag, also advocates a clear distinction between volunteer army and professional army.

The term “volunteer army” clearly refers to armed forces composed exclusively of volunteer professional officers and non-commissioned officers, volunteer professional soldiers and volunteer temporary soldiers, and which have a presence.

Professional army
Often the terms professional army and professional army are used interchangeably. The terms army and army refer in the proper sense of the word to the land forces including their own aviator forces. These form with the air and naval forces, also called air force and navy, the total armed forces.

Benefits
The advantage of a professional army over a conscript army is the training level of soldiers which can be optimized better for modern requirements. In addition, there is the reduction of fluctuation in specialized tasks, which significantly promotes the accumulation of experience and the further development of “best practices” compared to conscription armies. The classic advantage of the conscript army, a larger number of soldiers, has lost importance in the period after the Cold War at least for developed industrial states, as both the modern war scenarios and conflict images as well as the politically prescribed tasks of the armed forces have changed permanently. Equivalent to this change are developments in armaments technology, especially in the field of information technology.

The advantages of a professional army are:
Faster availability
Although a professional army is seen as an economically better solution and also fits better with the principles of a market economy, it is at least controversial whether professionalization and a reduction in volume made possible by it actually leads to a lower burden on budgetary resources.

Key points of discussion today are:
Volume figures and thus personnel costs:
It is controversial whether the increase in attractiveness generally considered necessary for recruitment reasons, including eve