ROMSO Cyprus Knowledge Base

**European Robin**
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The European Robin (Erithacus rubecula) is a small bird species that belongs to the family Turdidae. It is characterized by its distinctive red plumage on its face, throat, and chest.

**Physical Characteristics**
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* Length: 12.5-14 cm
* Tail length: 5-7 cm
* Wing span: 20-23 cm
* Weight: 16-22 grams

The European Robin has a brown-olive plumage on its upper parts, with red-orange chest and white abdomen. The contrast between the front of the bird's body and its white stomach makes it easily identifiable.

**Habitat and Distribution**
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The European Robin is found in a wide range of habitats, including forests, arboretums, open fields, and agricultural land. Its nesting area extends from Europe to Siberia, northern Africa, and Turkey. The wintering arena covers Britain, western and southern Europe, the Middle East, south-west Asia, and north-east Africa.

**Migration Patterns**
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Populations in northern Europe are migratory, while those in southern Europe are partly migratory. This means that some European Robins migrate to warmer regions during the winter months, while others remain in their year-round habitats.

**Etymology and Names**
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The Latin name "Erithacus rubecula" translates to "little red single," referring to the bird's territorial behavior. In Shakespeare's writings, it is mentioned as "Red-breast" or "Rudock." In Arabic, it is known as "Abu Al-Hānaha" (Allah al-Hayanai).

**Taxonomy**
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The European Robin was previously classified in the family Muscicapidae, but is now considered to be part of the Turdidae family. It is also closely related to other species such as the Red-breasted Flycatcher and the Japanese Robin.

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