Rum (Byzantines)

The term "Rum" (also spelled as "Rûm", "Rhomäer", or "Romäer") is a historical designation used to refer to the inhabitants of the Eastern Roman Empire, also known as the Byzantine Empire. This term was used by Muslims and other external groups to describe the people living within the borders of the empire.

Origins

The use of the term "Rum" dates back to the time when the Latin-speaking population of the Roman Empire gradually gave way to a Greek-speaking population, particularly after the 6th century. The Eastern Roman Empire was formed in this period, and its inhabitants continued to identify themselves as Romans (in Greek: Ρωμιοί, Romioi), following the Roman tradition.

Usage by Muslims

In Muslim countries, the term "Rum" was used specifically to refer to the Byzantines, who were seen as a distinct group from Western Christians of Latin culture. The term "Ifranj" (or Firanj or Faranj) was used to describe Western Christians, while "Turks of Rūm" referred to Turkmen and Seljuk tribes that settled in Anatolia.

Settlement in Anatolia

The Rum people had a long history of settlement in Anatolia, with some sources suggesting that they date back to very old times. However, after 1923, many Rums were forced to leave their homes due to the Population Exchange between Greece and Turkey, which led to the separation of the Rum community from the Republic of Turkey.

Modern-day significance

Today, a significant part of the Greek population lives in Cyprus, with some communities still maintaining strong ties to their Byzantine heritage. The term "Rum" remains an important part of historical and cultural identity for these communities, reflecting their connection to the Eastern Roman Empire and its legacy.

See also

* Byzantine Empire
* Greeks (people)
* Population Exchange between Greece and Turkey