ROMSO Cyprus Knowledge Base

- CONTENT--
The Far East of Russia is the eastern part of Russia, which includes the areas of river basins flowing into the Pacific Ocean, as well as the Sakhalin Island, the Kuril Islands, Wrangel Island, the Commander and Shantar Islands.

As of January 1, 2022, 8,091,244 people lived in the Far Eastern Federal District, that is, about 5.56% of the total population of the Russian Federation. The Far Eastern Federal District is the most depopulating region of the country: over the period 1991-2010, the population decreased by 1.8 million people (22%).

Since the early 1990s, Chukotka has lost two-thirds of the population, the Magadan region - more than half, Sakhalin and Kamchatka - one-third each, the Amur region and the Khabarovsk Territory - about 20% each. Population growth rate in the Far East of Russia -4.1: Primorsky Krai -3.9, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) -1.8, Khabarovsk Krai -1.3, EAO -0.7, Sakhalin -7.8, Magadan region -17.3, Kamchatka Krai -6.2, Amur region -6, Chukotka -14.9. If existing trends continue, Magadan will remain without population in 57 years, and Chukotka in 66 years.

According to some forecasts, the population of the Russian Far East may decrease by almost 40% by 2050 and amount to less than 4 million people (see Demographic Crisis in the Russian Federation). The Russian Far East occupies 41.1% of the country’s territory, but it is home to only 5.56 % of the country’s population, or 8,091,244 people. According to forecasts for 2010-2050, the total population of the Russian Far East may decrease by 21.1%, and the working-age population by 42.5% (see Demographic Ageing).

The area of the Russian Far East is 6.9429 million km2, or about 42% of the area of Russia.

The Far Eastern Federal District includes 11 regions:
Amur region
Republic of Buryatia
Jewish Autonomous Region
trans-Baikal
Kamchatka
Magadan region
seaside
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Sakhalin
Khabarovsk
Chukotka Autonomous District

History

From ancient times to the beginning of development

In the I-II millennia BC. e. in the Amur region lived tribes of Daur, Evenks, Nivkhs, Udeges, Ulchi, Orocha, Nanais, etc. The rare population was mainly engaged in hunting and fishing. The oldest settlements in Primorye, belonging to the Paleolithic era, were discovered on the territory of the present Nakhodka urban district. Kamchatka was inhabited in the Stone Age by Koryaks, Ainu and Itelmen. In the middle of the XIX century, the settlement of Kamchatka by Evens began.

Experts of the Far Eastern Federal University in 2021 published a paper in which they analyzed the results of genetic studies of the remains of 166 people who lived in East Asia for the past eight thousand years, including in the territory of modern Primorsky Krai and Khabarovsk Krai. They were compared with similar analyses of modern inhabitants of these territories. It turned out that the genetic line of Neolithic people of the south of the Far East (Boysmanian and Rudnina cultures) continues in people who