Temperate climate

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The temperate or mesothermal climate is a type of intermediate climate between warm and cold climate. However, the limits and scope of the term temperate climate depend on the authors, and the following definitions and specifications can be found:

In the broad sense, the temperate climate lies between tropical and polar climates, so they are mostly located in the temperate area of the Earth between latitudes 23 ° and 66 °; and therefore includes both mesothermal (C) and microthermal (continental D) climates.
A temperate climate can be defined more specifically as that between subtropical climates and subpolar climates, approximately between latitudes 40 ° and 60 °; so it includes on the one hand moderate temperature climates all year round (Cb) as the ocean climate and those of the highest seasonality with warm summer and cold winter as in continental temperate climates (Da and Db).
The so-called C climate of the Köppen system is commonly called temperate climate. However, Köppen himself called this mesothermal climate in 1900 and then rainy temperate in 1918; considering that temperate dry climates are classified within climate B. Thus, climate C or temperate can be defined as that of moderate rains throughout the year or part of the year with sporadic droughts, summers from soft to warm and winters from fresh to cold.
There are other definitions for temperate or mesothermal climate according to different authors, such as the climate classification of Thornthwaite, Holdridge, Trewartha, Alisov, Flohn, Troll and Paffen, etc.; as well as the definition of a mesothermal floor or temperate land, description made by Humboldt and other authors.

Köppen (C) temperate climate

It is characterized by average annual temperatures of approximately 12 to 18 ° C and average rainfall of 600 mm to 2000 mm per year, although in certain cases it may be from 400 mm. It is subdivided into oceanics (Cf), Mediterranean (Cs) and subhumid temperates (Cw).

A region with a temperate climate has a temperature that varies regularly throughout the year, with an average of more than 10 ° C, in the warmest months, and between 0 and 18 ° C, in the cold months, although it has previously been considered up to -3 ° C They generally have four well-defined seasons: a relatively hot summer, a fall with gradually lower temperatures over the days, a cold winter, and a spring, with gradually higher temperatures. The humidity depends on the location and geographical conditions of a given region. There is a temperate climate in the temperate area and a temperate mountain climate typical of the intertropical area where there is less seasonality.

In the ocean regions located in temperate climate areas, they are said to have temperate waters.

The third letter indicates the level, temperatures d