Successors of Alexander the Great

Definition and Origins

The Successors, also known as Diadochi, were the generals of Alexander the Great who shared his empire after his death in 323 BCE. The term "Successor" is sometimes misused to refer to their sons and grandsons, known as Epigones.

Division of the Empire

After Alexander's death, his generals fought each other for control of his vast empire, leading to a series of wars that lasted from 323 to 301 BCE. This struggle culminated in the Battle of Ipsus and resulted in the formation of several sovereign states:

* Seleucid states (Syria)
* Hellenistic Egypt
* Bithynia
* Pergamum
* Macedonia

These emerging states constituted the Hellenistic world.

Notable Diadochi

Some of the most famous Diadochi include:

* Antigonus I the One-Eyed and his son Demetrius Polyorketus
* Antipater with his son Cassander
* Ptolemy
* Seleucus
* Lysimachus
* Eumenes

Terminology

The terms "Diadoch" and "Epigone" were introduced by the German historian Johann Droisen in his monumental work, History of Hellenism. The term "Hellenism" itself was also coined by Droisen.

Legacy

The Diadochi played a crucial role in shaping the ancient world, establishing new kingdoms and cultures that would last for centuries. Their legacy can be seen in the spread of Greek language, culture, and philosophy throughout the Mediterranean region.

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