1222

Events

### Earthquakes and Tsunamis

* May: An earthquake with an estimated magnitude of 7.0-7.5 struck Cyprus, triggering a tsunami that was observed as far away as Alexandria in Libya.
* December 25: A significant earthquake occurred in the Italian city of Brescia, resulting in approximately 12,000 deaths.

### Other Events

* April 17: Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, convened a provincial council at Osney Abbey in Oxford to implement the decrees of the Fourth Council of Lateran in England.
* May: The Halley's Comet was visible from Earth, with its closest approach occurring before 1145 and next after 1301-1302.
* No specific date mentioned:
+ The Mongols made their first incursion into Europe.
+ Cuitlahuac founded a settlement on an island in the Anahuac Valley.
+ Chiconquiauitl became the ruler of Azcapotzalco, a city-state in the Valley of Mexico.

### Foundings and Destructions

* Padova University was established.
* The capital of the Firuzkuh dynasty (in Afghanistan) was destroyed by Mongolian Emperor Ögeday Han.

Birthdays

* 16 February: Nichiren, a Japanese Buddhist monk and founder of Nichiren Buddhism, was born.
* Date unknown:
+ Kalavun, an Egyptian Memlûk Sultan, was born. He would later die in 1290.

Deaths

* 1 February: I. Aleksios, the first emperor of the Empire of Trabzon, died (born circa 1182).

References

External links:

(Note: The references and external links from Source 2 were not included as they are not directly relevant to the content of this article.)