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Thessaloniki
Thessaloniki
================Thessaloniki is the second most populous city in Greece, located in the region of Central Macedonia. It serves as the administrative center of the community and peripheral unit of the same name.
Geography
------------Thessaloniki is situated at an altitude of 20 meters above sea level, stretching from the shore of the Thermaikos Gulf to the slopes of the Hortiatis Mountains (1,201 m) in the southeast. The city covers a vast area of 18,266 km² and is approximately 513 kilometers northwest of Athens.
Demographics
-------------According to the 2011 census, the population of Thessaloniki is approximately 800,764, including suburbs, making it the largest city in northern Greece. The urban agglomeration has a population of over 790,000 people, while the regional agglomeration (excluding the communities of Volvi, Langadas, and Chalcedon) has a population of around 1 million.
History
---------Thessaloniki was founded by Cassander, the son of Antipater, in 315 BC. According to legend, the city was named after Thessalonica, the wife of Cassander and sister of Alexander the Great. The city's strategic location made it an important center for trade and commerce.
During the Roman Empire, Thessaloniki was one of the four districts of Macedonia, governed by a praetor. In 49 AD, Saint Paul preached in the main synagogue of the Jews in Thessaloniki on his second missionary journey, establishing a church that would later become a significant center for Christianity.
After the fall of Constantinople in the Fourth Crusade (1204), Thessaloniki became the capital of the Crusader Kingdom of Salonic. The city remained under Byzantine rule until it was captured by the Ottoman Empire in 1430.
Economy and Infrastructure
-----------------------------Thessaloniki is a major economic center, with a significant seaport and Macedonia Airport. It is also home to the Aristotle University, the largest university in the Balkans. The city's economy is driven by industries such as textiles, food processing, and shipbuilding.
Tourism
---------Thessaloniki has a rich cultural heritage, with many historical landmarks and museums. Visitors can explore the city's ancient ruins, including the Roman Agora and the Rotunda of Galerius. The city also hosts various festivals and events throughout the year, showcasing its vibrant cultural scene.