Transport in the European Union

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The European Union has one of the densest transport networks on the planet. For rail and motorway networks, it has significantly more infrastructure than the United States and just less than Japan.

This density is the result of population and industrial density relative to , and increasing demand and supply of transport.

Transport modes
In quantitative terms (carried weight), the main modes of transport are:
maritime transport (via Calais, one of the most frequented straits in the world by merchant and passenger vessels, major European ports, the Baltic),
road transport,
rail transport,
channels
air transport.
The aim of the network is to allow the crossing of Europe on marked bike paths or on a clean site (more secure)
Cross-border links: Ex.: Many railway and road tunnels exist in mountainous mountains. The Channel Tunnel brings together France and England, and Denmark and Sweden are joined by the largest bridge in Europe: Øresundsbron.

European harmonisation efforts have been made for more than a century, with a more recent desire to develop intermodality and interoperability.

European statistics
According to Eurostat (2005);

By country, the density of the rail network is highest in the Czech Republic, Belgium and Germany. The highest rail density rates are often recorded in capital regions (Berlin, Prague, Bucharest).

The presence of economic activities such as heavy industry or port infrastructure also affects the density of the regional rail network;
An average European country had motorways in 2005 (an average for and ), while the rest of the road network represented roads (an average for and ), with large variations related to the size of the country or region, but also to its population density and the level of industrialization (current or past) of the territory. The densest motorway networks were built in the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Cyprus (around Paris and in the north of France); In terms of regional services, highly urbanised, harbour and/or (formerly) industrial areas predominate, with for example in the western Netherlands, a motorway density of more than for territory. Regions with high GDP do not necessarily have high motorway density. However, this is the case for the Düsseldorf and Cologne (Germany) and Comunidad de Madrid (Spain), where the motorway network is particularly dense.
Per capita there are the most motorways in Cyprus (for ), ahead of Luxembourg (), Slovenia () and Spain () ;
per hectare or km2, the Netherlands is the most densely covered by motorways (