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The Treaty of Karlowitz or Carlovitt was signed on 26 January 1699 in the town of Carlovitt (in, in) of Vojvodina, at the end of the Austrian-Ottoman war (1683-1697), in which the Ottoman people were defeated.

The XVIIth century represents a slow transition century from the late Middle Ages to the Modern Age, a century which identifies with the birth of states and which has been seen somewhat exaggerated by Roland Mousnier as an era of a crisis that has individually affected each man in all his daily activities [1]. The evolution of Eastern Europe does not make a discordant note of these realities, only here the belic developments have different characteristics, mainly due to the threat posed by the Ottoman Empire. It should not be forgotten that the 17th century and not the previous era of Suleiman the Magnificent was the maximum epoch of the Gate in Europe. After 1645 the Turks resumed the offensive against Christianity but not on the mainland, but in the Mediterranean, in a war with Venice from which they managed to conquer Kandia. However, the lack of conflict in the Iran Podish allowed Turks to reorganize themselves internally and under the great visits of the Koprulu family to start in 1663 on expeditions against the Habsburg Empire [2].

In the early 1660s, the Ottoman people, through the great Vizier Ahmed Koprulu, travelled with an army to Buda to the north-west of Hungary, asking the Austrians for a series of concessions, but only two fortresses, while the Austrians kept Western Hungary. Vengeance is sought two decades later by Kara Mustafa, another member of the Koprulu family, who, in his quest for glory, was to become a great Vizier, aimed at the conquest of Vienna, considered by the Ottoman people, the Red Apple "which Soleiman had failed to obtain in 1529. In these circumstances, he requested, on behalf of the Sultan, the renewal of the treaty, aiming, in fact, at the start of a war that saw itself near. He assembled an army, which, although Turkish chronicles estimate it to be 500,000 safe fighters, did not exceed 200,000, with which he advanced to the north arriving in July 1683 at the gates of Vienna, defended by only about. 12,000 people resisted the siege of Ottoman forces, helped by the intervention of Allied Christian armies [3].

As a consequence of this failed siege of Vienna, the Sultan, to evade responsibility for failure, accuses him of usurping the imperial authority of the Vizier and kills him. Moreover, the immediate result of the Ottoman catastrophe under the walls of Vienna was the immediate occupation of part of Ottoman Hungary by the Austrians and the formation of a new League of Sinte under the authority of the Pope, which included the Austrians, Poles, and Venetians, and which began to displace the Ottoman territories of the Balkan Peninsula, the Venetians occupying Morea, in southern Greece, from where they threatened the Ottoman fleet, also retaking Athens. Perio