Treaty of Sèvres

The Treaty of Sèvres was a peace treaty between the Ottoman Empire and the Allied Powers of World War I, signed on August 10, 1920. The negotiations took place in the suburb of Sevr (also known as Sèvres), located near Paris, France.

Background

The treaty was one of a series of agreements between the victorious powers and the defeated Ottoman Empire, aimed at resolving the so-called Eastern Question. The Ottoman Empire was to be dismantled, with its territories being redistributed among the Allied Powers.

Provisions

The treaty had several key provisions:

* The Ottoman Empire lost most of its territories, retaining only Istanbul and a small portion of Asia Minor.
* An autonomous state for the Kurds (Kurdistan) was established in East Anatolia.
* Several districts were ceded to Armenia, which became an independent republic from Russia in 1918.
* Greece received Eastern Thrace, Imbros, Ténedos, and the region of Smirna.
* The separation of Egypt, Hejaz (Hiyaz), and Yemen was recognized.
* Mosul, Palestine, and Transjordania were placed under British administration.
* Syria, Lebanon, and Alexandria were placed under French administration.

History

The treaty was signed on August 10, 1920, but it never entered into force due to the lack of ratification by the signatory parties. The Turkish War of Independence, led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, ultimately led to the defeat of the Allied Powers and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923, which replaced the Treaty of Sèvres.

See also

* Treaty of Lausanne
* Ottoman Empire
* World War I
* Eastern Question