Trunk prefix

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A trunk prefix is a digit sequence to be dialled before a telephone number to initiate a telephone call for the purpose of selecting an appropriate telecommunications circuit by which the call is to be routed.

Making a domestic (national) telephone call usually requires the dialling of a single or two-digit national trunk prefix preceding any area codes and the destination subscriber number. In most countries, the trunk prefix is 0.

For international telephone calls, the national trunk prefix is not dialled; instead, an international trunk prefix (or "+") is typically required, followed by the destination's country code.

Example

This example assumes that a call is to be made to a customer in the Australian state of Queensland with the local number 3333 3333 and the area code 7.

A caller from outside Australia must dial the international call prefix of the originating country and the country code (61 for Australia), then the area code (7), and then the local subscriber number. Therefore, a caller in the UK must dial 00 61 7 3333 3333, while a caller in the US must dial 011 61 7 3333 3333.

Calling inter-area (within Australia) (e.g. from Western Australia with area code 8), a caller need not dial an international trunk prefix or a country code. Instead, the caller must at least dial the Australian trunk prefix (0) followed by the area code (7) and then the local subscriber number: 07 3333 3333. Calling from within the Queensland (7) area, a caller need only dial the telephone number: 3333 3333.

However, since the early 21st century, the majority of telephone systems worldwide can recognise the area of origin of the call, its direction and destination to facilitate communication faster. If the full international number is used, then this full international number may be dialled from nearly any telephone within a recognisable landline or mobile network. This has become particularly vital for users of mobile phones.

When conducting business, e.g., for display on business cards or stationery, a telephone number is represented as +61 7 3333 3333, and includes only the digits that must be dialled internationally. The plus sign indicates that an international trunk prefix is first dialled and, therefore, a country code follows.

Countries using national trunk prefixes

Countries that use 0 as national trunk prefix

Africa

Egypt
Morocco
Kenya
South Africa
Sudan
Tanzania
Rwanda
Nigeria
Libya

South America

Argentina
Brazil
Paraguay
Peru
Venezuela

Asia

Afghanistan
Bangladesh
Cambodia
China (landlines only)
India (landlines only)
Indonesia
Iran
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Laos
Malaysia
Myanmar
North Korea
Nepal
Pakistan
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
South Korea
Sri Lanka
Taiwan
Thailand
Vietnam
United Arab Emirates

Europe

Albania
Austria
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Finland
France
Georgia
Germany
Ireland
Moldova
Montenegro
Netherlands
North Macedonia
Romania
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom

Oceania

Australia
New Zealand

Countries that use 8 as national trunk prefix

Azerbaijan
Belarus
Kazakhstan
Lithuania (change to 0 planned)
Russia (change to 0 planned)
Turkmenistan
Uzbekistan

Countries that use other trunk prefixes
The number next to a country denotes its national trunk prefix.

Mexico – 01
Mongolia – 01 or 02
Hungary – 06
North American Numbering Plan countries – 1

Countries that no longer use a national trunk prefix

Bolivia
Chile
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Greece — the prefix 0 was replaced by 2 for landlines and 6 for mobile phone numbers, which are now part of the number
Italy — the leading 0 is dialled both within and from outside Italy, because 0 is now part of the number and not the trunk code
Latvia
Luxembourg
Malta
Monaco
Nepal
Norway
Oman
Poland
Portugal
San Marino — the leading 0 is dialled both within and from outside Italy, because 0 is now part of the number and not the trunk code
Spain
Uruguay
Vatican City — the leading 0 is dialled both within and from outside Italy, because 0 is now part of the number and not the trunk code
Singapore