Kebab

Etymology and History

The kebab is a dish of Middle Eastern origin based on mutton or roasted lamb meat that has become popular worldwide due to migration.

### Origin

The expression "kebab" is of Persian origin, according to Arabic tradition. It is believed to have been invented in the Middle Ages by Persian soldiers who used their swords to roast meat on fire in the open field. This method of cooking was a result of the poor availability of fuel for cooking in many areas of the East, which complicated cooking large foods.

### Ancient Variants

A more ancient variant of kebab has been attested in Greece since the time of the Greek obeliskos (circa 5th century BC). In India, during the Sultanate of Delhi (1206-1526 AD), kebabs were served not only in royal palaces but also consumed by common people as a breakfast dish accompanied by naan bread.

### Spread and Evolution

The word "kebab" is originally an Aramaic term. The origin of kebab dates back to the famous Syrian cuisine, where Syrians were the first to prepare kebabs. History records that the people of Aleppo have a great passion for various types of grilled meats and are known for their high-quality kebabs.

### Regional Variations

Each nation has added its own flavor to kebabs. For example:

* In Iran, saffron is added to the meat before grilling.
* In Turkey, there are various types and methods of seasoning from city to city, including kebab orfeli from Orfa, kebab antaki from Antakya, and Sultan's Kebab from Istanbul.
* In Syria, particularly in Aleppo, kebabs are distinguished by their unique flavor due to the high-quality Syrian meat, known as "al-awas", which has a distinct taste, and because of the aroma of the grazing land.

### Preparation

Kebabs are typically made from minced meat with fat, cooked on skewers over charcoal. In many countries, kebabs are referred to as shawarma.