12th Century BC

Rulers and Dynasties

### Ancient Egypt

The pharaohs who ruled during this period include:

* Seti II
* Saptah
* Tawsert
* Setnacht
* Ramesses III
* Ramesses IV
* Ramesses V
* Ramesses VI
* Ramesses VII
* Ramesses VIII
* Ramesses IX
* Ramesses X

### Assyria

The kings of Assyria who ruled during this period include:

* Ashur-nirari III
* Enlil-kudurri-utsur
* Ninurta-apal-Ekur
* Ashur-dan I
* Ninurta-Tukulti-Ashur
* Mutakkil-Nusku
* Ashur-resh-ishi I
* Tiglatpalasar I

### Babylon

The kings of Babylon who ruled during this period include:

* Adad-shum-utsur
* Meli-Shihu (1185–1172)
* Marduk-apla-iddin I (1171–1158)
* Zababa-shum-iddin
* Elli-nadin-ahhe. IV Dynasty: Marduk-nabit-ahhi-shu, Itti-Marduk-balati, Ninurta-nadin-shumi, Nebuchadnezzar I (1126–1105), Elle-nadin-apli (1104–1101)

### Elam

The kings of Elam who ruled during this period include:

* Hallutush-Inshushinak
* Shutruk-Nahhunte
* Kutir-Nahhunte
* Shilhak-Inshushinak
* Khutelutush-Inshushinak
* Shilhanahamru-Lahamar
* Humpannimmena

### Shang Dynasty (China)

The kings of the Shang dynasty who ruled during this period include:

* Tzu Geng
* Tzu Jia
* Lin Xin
* Geng Ding
* Wu Yi
* Wen Ding
* Di Yi

Events and Developments

### Ancient Greece

* 1194 BC - 1184 BC: The Trojan War according to the chronology of Eratosthenes. The Achaean attack on Asia Minor.
* Early 12th century BC: Destruction of many Mycenaean palace centers on the Greek mainland (including Pylos, Mycenae, Tiryns, Thebes).

### Ancient Horizon in Peru

* Period of ancient Horizon in Peru (1200/850-400/200). Civilization Chavín of the Andes of Cajamarca and the northern coast of Peru.
* Temples and sculptures (bas-reliefs, round hump heads) were built during this period.

### Calendar and Time Calculation

* January 1, 1166 BC: Start of the annual census in the Discordian calendar
* The Middle Vedic period begins in India, marking a first flowering period for the Vedic religion (progenitor of Hinduism).

Timeline

* 1200 BC - Beginning of the 12th century BC
* 1194 BC - 1184 BC: Trojan War according to Eratosthenes' chronology
* 1185-1172: Meli-Shihu rules Babylon
* 1171-1158: Marduk-apla-iddin I rules Babylon
* 1166 BC: Start of the annual census in the Discordian calendar
* 1126-1105: Nebuchadnezzar I rules Babylon
* 1104-1101: Elle-nadin-apli rules Babylon
* 1101 BC - End of the 12th century BC