"Tyre cathedral"

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The Council of Tyres was a local council held in Tyre in 335 by order of Emperor Constantine the Great to discuss the charges brought against Archbishop Athanasius of Alexandria. The result of the cathedral was the exile of Athanasius to Trier. According to some modern historians, the defeat of Athanasius was not the result of doctrinal differences, but of his inappropriate behavior in Egypt. According to the English historian of the Church, due to its importance for the future relationship between Church and state, the Council of Tyres can be placed on a par with the Council of Nicaea.

Background
In the course of the conflict between the opponents of the idea of the consubstantiality of God the Father and the Son, which did not end with the formal condemnation of Arius and his teachings by the Council of Nicea, the Arian party headed by Eusebius of Nicomedia began to achieve success even during the lifetime of Constantine the Great. According to Rowan Williams, her main purpose was to restore Arius to the Church of Alexandria, which can be traced back to the cathedral in Bithynia in 328. Despite the fact that the appeal of the “Evsevians” for the forgiveness of Arius was supported by the emperor, it was categorically rejected by Athanasius the Great, who occupied the See of Alexandria since 328. In 330 at the Council of Antioch was deposed one of the leaders of their opponents, Bishop Eustathius of Antioch. In the works of church historians, attention is paid to other significant victims of the “Evsevians” – Markel of Ankira, condemned at the Council of Constantinople in 336, and Athanasius the Great.

The inability, on the one hand, to force Athanasius to accept Arius into church communion, and the firmness of his theological position on the other, forced his opponents to strike a blow from church discipline. To this end, the “Evsevians” entered into an alliance with supporters who had been in conflict with Athanasius since the death of Alexander of Alexandria and the subsequent struggle for the Alexandrian Patriarchate. Historians attribute the formation of such a union to the period between 329 and 331. According to Athanasius, the initiative belonged to Eusebius, who persuaded the Meletians to come up with a pretext for accusing the bishop, while Epiphanius of Cyprus puts events in a more complex historical context: according to him, after the delegation of Meletian bishops was not accepted by the emperor, Eusebius promised them his help in return for supporting the restoration of Arius. At the beginning, as reported by Philostorgius, the canonicity of the election of Athanasius was questioned. Then, in 331, the Meletians accused him of imposing illegal taxes. They also accused Athanasius before Constantine of treason and financial support of a usurper Filumen. After Constantine sided with Athanasius, in 334 the latter was accused of murdering the Meletian bishop Arsenius and cutting off his hand for the purpose of witchcraft, as well as attacking the Mareot bishop Iskhira. A council was convened in 334 at Caesarea of Palestine to which Athanasius, feeling the support of Constantine, did not appear. It was regarded as a witness