ROMSO Cyprus Knowledge Base

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UN General Assembly Resolution 2758 was adopted in response to Resolution 1668, which requires that any change in China's representation in the UN be determined by a two-thirds majority vote. The resolution, adopted on 25 October 1971, recognized the People & apos; s Republic of China (PRC) as "China & apos; s only legitimate representative to the United Nations" and expelled "Chiang Kai@-@ shek & apos; s representatives from the position they illegally occupy in the United Nations." This measure ended the incorporation of the Republic of China into the United Nations and remains a point of discussion on the political situation in Taiwan. The Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, which is considered by the founders of the United Nations as the cornerstone of current diplomacy following the Vienna Congress, was signed and ratified by the Republic of China on 18 April 1961 and 19 December 1969.

Background
The communist victory in the Chinese Civil War in 1949 marked the beginning of China's division into two states that has continued to date. While the Communists led by Mao Zedong took power in mainland China, the forces loyal to the former regime of the Republic of China returned to the island of Taiwan, from where they hoped to be able to organize to reconquer the continent. The military power of the Chinese Communist Party forces, the so-called People's Liberation Army, allowed the Chinese continent to be united under a unified State. The island of Hainan and Tibet were conquered by the People's Liberation Army and all made it possible to predict that the conquest of Taiwan would be rapid.

However, the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950 raised the alarm in the United States Government, which saw all East Asia falling into the hands of communist regimes. The United States decided to send the 7th Navy Fleet to the Taiwan Strait to prevent the communist invasion of the island. The United States support allowed the Government of the Republic of China, chaired by Chiang Kai-shek (Jiang Jieshi), to retain its control over Taiwan Island, the Fish Islands (Penghu) and the small archipelagos of Matsu (Mazu) and Quemoy (Jinmen) off the coast of the Chinese province of Fujian. Despite the small size of this territory, the Republic of China retained China & apos; s seat in the United Nations and continued to be recognized as the legitimate Government of China by many Western countries, especially the United States.

During the 1970s, most of the world went on to recognize the People's Republic of China, including the United States, which finally accepted that China's seat at the United Nations would pass to the People's Republic, during the presidency of Richard Nixon, in order to counter the USSR internationally, in the context of the Cold War. Hast