Visigode village

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The Visigoths were a branch of the Goths, which in turn belong to the East Germanic peoples, called barbarian peoples, and who lived within the Roman Empire during late antiquity. They first emerged in the Balkans from previous Gothic groups (possibly from the tervingios) that had invaded the Roman empire from 376 and had defeated the Romans in the battle of Adrianopolis in 378.

The relations between the Romans and the Visigoths varied, agreeing when it was convenient and facing in battle if necessary. Under the command of Alarico I they invaded the Italian peninsula and looted Rome in 410, during which period Alarico began to be called his king. They later established themselves in the south of the Galia as the foederati of the Roman Empire, where they created a kingdom with capital in Tolosa, whose authority extended to Hispania taking advantage of the power vacuum that had left the fall of the Roman Empire of the West, at the expense of the Suevos and vandals. In 507, they were defeated by the Chodovus I francs in the battle of Vouillé, from which the visionary kingdom was limited to Hispania, retaining Septimania on the other side of the Pyrenees.

Visigoths were a ruling minority over the Spanish-Roman population, separated from it mainly by their religious beliefs, as they were Arian Christians, while the local population was Roman Christian. The conversion of King Recaredo I made it possible for both peoples to live together, and the kingdom consolidated its power with the support of the Church.

The Visigoths did not completely dominate the Iberian peninsula until the end of the century. The Alans, a people of Iranian origin, the Vandals and the Suevos occupied large territories in Hispania. The first two, with the preeminence of the vandals, moved to Africa, where they created a powerful State with a centre in Cartago.

As for the Swedes, it was the first Germanic people to create a Christian kingdom of Western Europe in 411 that resisted until 585, from a stable foedus or peace treaty with the Romans, forming their own kingdom in Gallaecia, with 174 years of duration, and like the godo kingdom in continuous conflict of real (elected) successions, with the people of Hispanorromana, armed landowners and the Western Church ("Catholic"), as they professed the arriana. Its capital was Bracara Augusta, the current Braga, and it covered the Roman province of Gallaecia and half of Lusitania, making incursions through the provinces of Betica (Emerita, Hispalis) and Tarraconensis (Soria) until the year 585 when it intervened (Leovigildo / Hermenegildo in the struggles for the throne of the Visigoths), with Hispalis (Sevilla) the theatre of operations. The Suevo King Miro supports Hermenegildo (583), who ends up swearing allegiance to Leovigildo, and after taking Seville and the uprising, attacks the Gallaecia in 585, taking over the Royal Treasury. In the Pyrenean section, the Vascones present