ROMSO Cyprus Knowledge Base

Writing not decrypted

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Undecrypted writing is a system of writing present on a number of archaeological documents, but whose meaning is not known. The term "writing system" is used extensively here to refer to sequences of glyphs that seem to possess the symbolic representational of a writing, but that may include systems that are largely artistic and are not true writings.

General
Most unread scriptures date back several millennia, but some modern examples exist. The difficulty in decrypting them can come from a lack of known linguistic descendants or isolation, from an insufficient number of examples of found texts or even from whether symbols really constitute writing. Despite numerous attempts to decrypt, these writing systems retain their mystery. For some, an alphabetical or ideogrammatic system could be detected, but the language used remains unknown and the content of the texts cannot be explained.

Since the appearance of writing, hundreds of forms of written expression, or at least graphic, have been invented. While many of them are accessible, some have remained impenetrable for centuries. The most frequently cited example is that of the Egyptian hieroglyphics, finally rediscovered thanks to the stone of Rosette, a stele presenting a double translation. Other alphabets have also been lost, such as the Etruscan alphabet, partially deciphered, or the runic alphabet that possessed such a symbol that many transcriptions remain obscure.

Beyond these large-scale systems, there are character sets used by small committees. Among them, the alphabet of witches, used up to the time to code appointments, recipes and other incantations by those who feared both censorship and espionage. However, it was easily deciphered, thanks to the betrayal of some of its users. On the other hand, some of these encryption systems remain totally mysterious, such as Voynich's manuscript.

Unreaded Scriptures

Proto-writing

Some forms of proto-writing remain undecrypted and, due to the lack of linguistic elements and descendants, it is likely that they will never be.
Jiahu scripture, Peiligang culture (China, ) ;
, Vinča culture (Neolithic Europe, ) ; Tărtăria tablets are the most complex example;
, Dispilió (Greece, ) ;
(Bulgaria, ) ;
, Yangshao culture (China, ).

Bronze Age Scriptures

The following writings, dating from the Bronze Age (3300 to 1200 ) in Mesopotamia and neighbouring regions, are not deciphered:
Writing the Indus, civilization of the Indus Valley (proto-writing around 3300 , mature writing around 2500-1900 ) : pictographic writing, available material